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We report the first live in situ observations of the iconic goblin shark ( Mitsukurina owstoni ) on a seamount near Jarvis Island in 2019 and on the slope of the Tonga Trench in 2024. Past observations are restricted to specimens hauled to the surface, resulting in limited knowledge of this species' ecology. These observations extend its known geographic and depth range considerably, and extend the depth range of lamniform sha...
Class switched bovine ultralong CDR H3 amplicons versus canonical in immune and non-immune tissuesNARA Subscribed
Within the bovine immune response, a distinct type of immunoglobulin (Ig), known as ultralong complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) antibodies, coexists alongside canonical Igs. These ultralong heavy chains (HC) feature a remarkable structure with a lengthened CDR3 of the heavy chain (CDR H3), allowing them to adopt either a smaller and more extended paratope than canonical antibodies. However, very little is known about...
Advantages of carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone over titanium implants in spine SBRT: a phantom evaluationNARA Subscribed
This study evaluates the clinical feasibility of spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the presence of titanium and carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) spinal implants using custom 3D-printed phantoms. The investigation focuses on the dosimetric accuracy, imaging challenges, and achievable localisation precision. Customised 3D-printed phantoms incorporating titanium and CFR-PEEK implants were compu...
Mechanistic in silico explorations of the immunogenic and synergistic effects of radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a critical reviewNARA Subscribed
Immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving field, with many models attempting to describe its impact on the immune system, especially when paired with radiotherapy. Tumor response to this combination involves a complex spatiotemporal dynamic which makes either clinical or pre-clinical in vivo investigation across the resulting extensive solution space extremely difficult. In this review, several in silico models of the interaction be...
Validation of small field dosimetry is crucial for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Accurate and considered measurement of linear accelerator dose must be compared to precise and accurate calculation by the treatment planning system (TPS). Monte Carlo calculated distributions contain statistical noise, reducing the reliance that should be given to single voxel doses. The average dose t...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Ghost sharks (subclass Holocephali) remain a largely data‐poor group of cartilaginous fishes. The general paucity of attention may partially be related to identification and unresolved taxonomic issues, occurrence in the deep oceans, and their low value and interest in fisheries (which some notable exceptions). Here, we synthesize and assess the extinction risk of all known extant ghost sharks (52 species) by applying the IUCN...
Gene cluster conservation identifies melanin and perylenequinone biosynthesis pathways in multiple plant pathogenic fungiNARA Subscribed
Summary Perylenequinones are a family of structurally related polyketide fungal toxins with nearly universal toxicity. These photosensitizing compounds absorb light energy which enables them to generate reactive oxygen species that damage host cells. This potent mechanism serves as an effective weapon for plant pathogens in disease or niche establishment. The sugar beet pathogen Cercospora beticola secretes the perylenequinone...
Troubled waters: Threats and extinction risk of the sharks, rays and chimaeras of the Arabian Sea and adjacent watersNARA Subscribed
The extinction risk of sharks, rays and chimaeras is higher than that for most other vertebrates due to low intrinsic population growth rates of many species and the fishing intensity they face. The Arabian Sea and adjacent waters border some of the most important chondrichthyan fishing and trading nations globally, yet there has been no previous attempt to assess the conservation status of species occurring here. Using IUCN R...
Size, growth, and density data for shallow‐water sea urchins from Mexico to the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, 1956–2016NARA Subscribed
Size, growth, and density have been studied for North American Pacific coast sea urchins Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , S. droebachiensis, S. polyacanthus , Mesocentrotus (Strongylocentrotus) franciscanus , Lytechinus pictus , Centrostephanus coronatus , and Arbacia stellata by various workers at diverse sites and for varying lengths of time from 1956 to present. Numerous peer‐reviewed publications have used some of these dat...
Results presented here provide evidence of an exception to the generalization that all chondrichthyan populations are especially vulnerable to exploitation to the extent that they remain at low abundance for a protracted or indefinite duration even after exploitation rates are reduced. Delta log‐normal generalized linear models (GLM) and cluster analysis of fishery‐independent catch‐per‐unit‐effort (CPUE) data from 1977 to 200...