Gut microbiomes play a significant role in the health, development, and behavior of numerous species, including honey bees ( Apis mellifera ). Worker honey bees exhibit varying degrees of hygienic behavior, which involves the removal of unhealthy brood to mitigate disease within their colony. However, the potential relationship between hygienic behavior and the honey bee gut microbiome has not been previously investigated. In...

The decorator worm Diopatra cuprea Bosc, 1802 (Annelid; Polycheate; Onuphidae) is an ecosystem engineer within high-salinity estuaries of the southern and eastern United States. A previous study revealed five morphologically cryptic mitochondrial lineages across its broad geographic distribution. Here, we explore mitonuclear concordance of these lineages using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped with RADseq. We ge...

Aim Aquatic‐terrestrial transition zones contain features essential for many species that often benefit wetland biodiversity. Shallow flood‐zone areas and reed beds are indicative of natural wetland habitats; however, how such features affect the native arthropod biodiversity in constructed wetlands is scarcely investigated. We asked how these shoreline features, as well as wetland shoreline properties and grazing management,...

In 2013, a large scale (70 hectare) kelp forest restoration experiment was conducted in a sea urchin barren that had been stable for 45 years. We used 200 tons of quicklime to eradicate the sea urchin population. Kelp recovered within a year in the lime-treated sites. Quickliming did not significantly affect the abundance of non-target species. Mobile kelp fauna colonized the restored kelps, but at a slower rate than kelp and...

Spousal bereavement is associated with health declines and increased mortality risk, but its specific impact on physical and cognitive capabilities is less studied. A historical cohort study design was applied including married Tromsø study participants ( N =5739) aged 50–70 years with baseline self-reported overall health and health-related factors and measured capability (grip strength, finger tapping, digit symbol coding, a...

In a landscape with patchily distributed forage resources, an animal’s distribution may reflect the distribution of the resources if the population is forage-limited in time or space. This may be particularly explicit in climatically extreme and seasonally variable environments, notably alpine and polar environments during winter. Sustainable management considers the amount of available alpine ground lichen in winter as a pred...

In the face of an increasing world population and a subsequent need for an increase in sustainable and healthy food production, low trophic species, such as oysters, emerge as a promising alternative. However, regional variations in oyster production techniques, market dynamics, and consumption patterns create challenges for both the global and local industry’s growth. In this study, a descriptive qualitative analysis of oyste...

Invasive Hieracium plant species are invading the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. The potential distribution of orange hawkweed ( Hieracium aurantiacum) and meadow hawkweed ( Hieracium caespitosum) were estimated using habitat susceptibility models to assist land managers’ management of these invasive plants. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop models describing susceptibility of ecosystems to hawkweed invasion, (...

Animals can be important in modulating ecosystem‐level nutrient cycling, although their importance varies greatly among species and ecosystems. Nutrient cycling rates of individual animals represent valuable data for testing the predictions of important frameworks such as the Metabolic Theory of Ecology ( MTE ) and ecological stoichiometry ( ES ). They also represent an important set of functional traits that may reflect both...

Aim To unravel the genetic processes involved in a case of invasion by one species, the self‐incompatible Cakile maritima Scop. (Brassicaceae) in Australia, as it has replaced a related prior invader, Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. Location Southern and eastern coastlines of Australia. Methods Genetic diversity within and between populations was characterized at a continental scale using microsatellite ( SSR ) markers to exam...

The impact of salmon lice on the survival of migrating A tlantic salmon smolts was studied by comparing the adult returns of sea‐ranched smolts treated for sea lice using emamectin benzoate or substance EX with untreated control groups in the R iver D ale in western N orway. A total of 143 500 smolts were released in 35 release groups in freshwater from 1997 to 2009 and in the fjord system from 2007 to 2009. The adult recaptur...

The arctic fox ( Alopex lagopus ) in Scandinavia is classified as critically endangered after having gone through a severe decline in population size in the beginning of the 20th century, from which it has failed to recover despite more than 65 years of protection. Arctic foxes have a high dispersal rate and often disperse over long distances, suggesting that there was probably little population differentiation within Scandina...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) pools in forest floors and mineral soil to a depth of 100 cm were determined in 234 well‐drained Nordic forest soils from latitude 55–68?‚??°‐N, and longitude 6–28?‚??°‐E. The data were compiled in a database of Nordic forest soils, from literature, and sources of validated data the authors had access to. The SOC pool increased with both mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP...