Urbanization is widely recognized as a significant threat to biodiversity. Stingless bees are vital pollinators in the tropics, yet their nesting site preferences in human-modified habitats are still poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the nesting substrate use, nesting tree species and size, nest height, and entrance orientation of Asian stingless bees in urban areas and to investigate whether landscape metrics (bu...

Proximity to natural habitat is known to enhance pollination services in large‐scale agriculture, but it remains unclear whether this holds in tropical smallholder farms. These systems are embedded in ecologically complex landscapes, central to global food security, and depend heavily on biodiversity‐derived ecosystem services. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 35 studies assessing the relationship between...