Poultry litter is an affordable, widely available nutrient source in the Southeastern USA, but National Organic Program’s “90–120-Day Rule” complicates nutrient-crop synchronizationn, making application of raw manures to cover crops a suitable and compliant alternative. In this study, four rates of poultry litter (0, 1.8, 3.6, and 7.2 Mt ha −1 ) were applied to white oat ( Avena satvia L . ‘Rushmore’) cover crop in October 202...

The accelerated rate of disease emergence in recent decades underscores the need to understand conditions that promote or dampen epidemics. Theoretical models consistently show that epidemics are smaller in populations with higher among‐individual heterogeneity in susceptibility. Experimental tests of these predictions are rare but critical for understanding how heterogeneity in susceptibility shapes epidemics in natural syste...

An ecosystem-based approach to fishery management requires, inter alia, knowledge of fishery impacts on both target and non-target species, as well as the wider ecosystem. To support management of the Antarctic krill fishery, we present a robust reference dataset for identifying fish species caught as bycatch. By combining morphological and molecular taxonomic identification, 53 fish species in 44 genera and 11 families were c...

Variability in acquired protection, whether from prior infection or vaccination, helps drive inter‐individual level variation in disease traits. It remains unclear, however, whether this extends to the within‐host regulatory environment and what the consequences are for reinfecting pathogens. Here, we asked whether prior pathogen exposure of hosts induces gene expression heterogeneity in host and/or pathogen during infection....

Scleractinian reproductive biology has been a focus of research since the discovery of multi-species synchronous spawning in the early 1980s; however, predicting when colonies will spawn on the Great Barrier Reef remains problematic. Here, we combine over 30 years of direct coral spawning observations that include colonies from 128 species from 44 genera in 10 families with 20 years of data on the stage of gamete maturity in c...

Animal telemetry is maturing into a viable method for observing the ocean as it can be used to monitor both environmental conditions and biological metrics along the movement trajectories of marine animals. As part of the Cormorant Oceanography Project, we have augmented a biologging tag with an external fast response temperature sensor to collect ocean temperature profiles from the backs of foraging marine birds. Cormorants d...

Motivation Information on species' population trends is essential to assess species' conservation status, make informed environmental decisions and ultimately reduce biodiversity loss. Robust population trends require a long‐term monitoring programme, often using citizen scientists, that ideally generates representative and unbiased data from the study area. Here we present the dataset of the Breeding Bird Survey, the main sch...

Introduction Seagrass sediments are important ‘blue carbon’ reservoirs which store climatically significant quantities of organic carbon (C org ) at the global scale. Seagrass meadows that overly these sediments also provide a range of critical ecosystem services including shoreline stabilization, storm surge protection, and fisheries nursery grounds. However, the controls over accumulation and the sources of organic C to thes...

The genus Agrilus is one of the most diverse insect genera worldwide. The larval feeding activity causes extensive damage in both forests and orchards. In addition, more than 30 species have been introduced outside their native range so far, including the emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. Thus, the availability of efficient trapping protocols for early detection of Agrilus species at entry points is of utmost im...