Fipronil is a widely used agricultural insecticide associated with the contamination of apiculture products and honeybee mortality. This study evaluated the presence of fipronil in honey samples from conventional and agroecological apiaries in Paraná, Brazil, and its toxic effects on Africanized Apis mellifera bees. Honey from four conventional apiaries showed fipronil levels above the maximum residue limit (0.05 µg mL −1 ), w...