The Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) of the eastern US differs from other offshore wind (OSW) development sites due to a unique seasonal oceanographic stratification regime. Fisheries there target migratory finfish and sedentary shellfish, the productivity and distribution of which are driven by oceanography with dynamic mesoscale features that can encompass one or more OSW leases. The regulatory environment allows competition amon...

The American sand lance ( Ammodytes americanus , Ammodytidae) and the Northern sand lance ( A. dubius , Ammodytidae) are small forage fishes that play an important functional role in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA). The NWA is a highly dynamic ecosystem currently facing increased risks from climate change, fishing and energy development. We need a better understanding of the biology, population dynamics and ecosystem role o...