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SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Decomposition of plant litter, facilitated primarily by microbial decomposers, plays a critical role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem function. The rate of litter decomposition can determine its environmental impact, where accelerated decomposition alters the timing and rate of nutrient release and may promote nutrient leaching, whereas slowed decomposition can result in litter accumulation, which impacts seedling recru...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Aims The goal of this study was to explore the suitability of recycled glass sand for the growth of beach-adapted plant species given the potential environmental benefits of utilizing glass sand for beach and dune restoration in the face of dwindling natural sand resources. Methods We grew three species native to US Gulf of Mexico beaches ( Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb., I. pes-caprae (L.) R.Br., and Uniola paniculata (L.))...
Morning glory fungal endosymbiont can alter the impacts of belowground enemies on co-occurring crop speciesNARA Subscribed
Plant species can have ecological impacts on co-occurring species by altering their resistance to natural enemies. Associational resistance occurs when one species reduces enemy damage to neighboring species, whereas associational susceptibility increases enemy damage to neighboring species. In a previous study, Ipomoea tricolor ‘Pearly Gates’ plants, endosymbiotic with alkaloid-producing Periglandula fungi developed fewer nem...
Regional Variation in Phragmites australis Reproductive Traits and Seedling Performance in North AmericaNARA Subscribed
Seedling recruitment is an important mode of establishment utilized by many invasive plants. In widespread invasive plants, regional variation in the rates of seedling recruitment can contribute to differences in invasion intensity across regions. In this study, we examined regional variation in reproductive traits and seedling performance in a cosmopolitan invasive wetland grass, Phragmites australis . We tested whether nitro...
Plant-Microbial Symbioses in Coastal Systems: Their Ecological Importance and Role in Coastal RestorationNARA Subscribed
Coastal systems are immensely valuable to humans. They contain unique ecosystems that are biodiversity reservoirs and provide key ecosystem services as well as a wealth of cultural heritage. Despite their importance to humans, many coastal systems are experiencing degradation that threatens their integrity and provisioning of services. While much is known about the plant communities and associated wildlife in coastal areas, th...
A vector's susceptibility and ability to transmit a pathogen—termed vector competency—determines disease outcomes, yet the ecological factors influencing tick vector competency remain largely unknown. Ixodes pacificus , the tick vector of Borrelia burgdorferi ( Bb ) in the western U.S., feeds on rodents, birds, and lizards. Rodents and birds are reservoirs for Bb and infect juvenile ticks, while lizards are refractory to Bb an...
Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed)NARA Subscribed
The rapid invasion of the non‐native Phragmites australis (Poaceae, subfamily Arundinoideae) is a major threat to native wetland ecosystems in North America and elsewhere. We describe the first reference genome for P . australis and compare invasive (ssp. australis ) and native (ssp. americanus ) genotypes collected from replicated populations across the Laurentian Great Lakes to deduce genomic bases driving its invasive succe...
The plant soil feedback (PSF) framework has been instrumental in understanding the impacts of soil microbes on plant fitness and species coexistence. PSFs develop when soil microbial communities are altered due to the identity and density of a particular plant species, which can then enhance or inhibit the local survival and growth of that plant species as well as different plant species. The recent extension of the PSF framew...
Foliar fungal endophyte communities are structured by environment but not host ecotype in Panicum virgatum (switchgrass)NARA Subscribed
Experimental tests of community assembly mechanisms for host‐associated microbiomes in nature are lacking. Asymptomatic foliar fungal endophytes are a major component of the plant microbiome and are increasingly recognized for their impacts on plant performance, including pathogen defense, hormonal manipulation, and drought tolerance. However, it remains unclear whether fungal endophytes preferentially colonize certain host ec...
Tree mycorrhizal type predicts within‐site variability in the storage and distribution of soil organic matterNARA Subscribed
Forest soils store large amounts of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), yet how predicted shifts in forest composition will impact long‐term C and N persistence remains poorly understood. A recent hypothesis predicts that soils under trees associated with arbuscular mycorrhizas ( AM ) store less C than soils dominated by trees associated with ectomycorrhizas ( ECM ), due to slower decomposition in ECM ‐dominated forests. However, an...
Front CoverNARA Subscribed
Global importance of large‐diameter treesNARA Subscribed
Aim To examine the contribution of large‐diameter trees to biomass, stand structure, and species richness across forest biomes. Location Global. Time period Early 21st century. Major taxa studied Woody plants. Methods We examined the contribution of large trees to forest density, richness and biomass using a global network of 48 large (from 2 to 60 ha) forest plots representing 5,601,473 stems across 9,298 species and 210 plan...
Negative plant‐phyllosphere feedbacks in native Asteraceae hosts – a novel extension of the plant‐soil feedback frameworkNARA Subscribed
Over the past 25 years, the plant‐soil feedback (PSF) framework has catalyzed our understanding of how belowground microbiota impact plant fitness and species coexistence. Here, we apply a novel extension of this framework to microbiota associated with aboveground tissues, termed ‘plant‐phyllosphere feedback (PPFs)’. In parallel greenhouse experiments, rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbiota of con‐ and heterospecific hosts fr...