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SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Remotely Sensed Fire Heterogeneity and Biomass Recovery Predicts Empirical Biodiversity ResponsesNARA Subscribed
Aim To compare field‐based evidence of plant and animal responses to fire with remotely sensed signals of fire heterogeneity and post‐fire biomass recovery. Location South‐eastern Australia; New South Wales. Time Period 2019–2022. Major Taxa Studied A total of 982 species of plants and animals, in eight taxonomic groups: amphibians, birds, fish, insects, mammals, molluscs, plants and reptiles. Methods We collated 545,223 plant...
Understanding and managing the response of marine ecosystems to human pressures including climate change requires reliable large-scale and multi-decadal information on the state of key populations. These populations include the pelagic animals that support ecosystem services including carbon export and fisheries. The use of research vessels to collect information using scientific nets and acoustics is being replaced with techn...
A demographic framework for understanding fire‐driven reptile declines in the ‘land of the lizards'NARA Subscribed
Background Fire creates habitats for many animals but changes in fire activity threaten species worldwide. While conservation assessments routinely identify fire as a threat to lizards and snakes, the processes underlying fire‐driven population declines have received less attention. Assessing the effects of fire on demographic processes – survival, reproduction and movement – provides a means to identify mechanisms of populati...
This study examines the adaptability of a Southern Ocean predator, which is dependent on Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ), to potential changes in food availability. Muscle fatty acids (FAs) of the spiny icefish Chaenodraco wilsoni collected from three areas in the Bransfield Strait (BS), northern Antarctic Peninsula during February–April 2016 give a good representation of their feeding variability. The compositions of 22...
Long‐distance movements of Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) as inferred from tag‐recapture dataNARA Subscribed
Examining the causes and consequences of animal movement is fundamental to understanding the ecology of any species. This analysis focuses on Antarctic toothfish movements in the Southern Ocean as inferred from tagging data collected from 2001 to 2019 with a focus on the characteristics of long‐distance movements, defined as an individual recaptured greater than 200 km from their release location. The results of this analysis...
Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severityNARA Subscribed
The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the pr...
Phosphorus loss assessment tools: a review of underlying concepts and applicability in cold climatesNARA Subscribed
Identifying critical source areas (CSAs) of a watershed by phosphorus (P) loss assessment tools is essential for optimal placement of beneficial management practices (BMPs) to address diffuse P pollution. However, lack of significant progress in tackling diffuse P pollution could be, in part, associated with inefficacy of P loss assessment tools for accurately identifying CSAs. Phosphorus loss assessment tools have been develo...
Organisms can modify their surrounding environment, but whether these changes are large enough to feed back and alter their evolutionary trajectories is not well understood, particularly in wild populations. Here we show that nutrient pulses from decomposing Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) parents alter selection pressures on their offspring with important consequences for their phenotypic and genetic diversity. We found a str...
Climate change and Southern Ocean ecosystems I: how changes in physical habitats directly affect marine biotaNARA Subscribed
Antarctic and Southern Ocean ( ASO ) marine ecosystems have been changing for at least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes in the extent and seasonality of sea ice; the magnitude and direction of these changes differ between regions around Antarctica that could see populations of the same species changing differently in different regions. This article reviews current and expect...
Anthropogenic climate change is a key threat to global biodiversity. To inform strategic actions aimed at conserving biodiversity as climate changes, conservation planners need early warning of the risks faced by different species. The IUCN Red List criteria for threatened species are widely acknowledged as useful risk assessment tools for informing conservation under constraints imposed by limited data. However, doubts have b...
Impacts of Nonnative Invasive Species on US Forests and Recommendations for Policy and ManagementNARA Subscribed
The introduction of nonnative invasive species (NNIS) into the United States has had tremendous impacts on the nation's commercial and urban forest resources. Of principal concern are the effects of NNIS on forest composition, structure, function, productivity, and patterns of carbon sequestration. In 2006, the Society of American Foresters commissioned an ad hoc team to prepare a white paper on the effect of NNIS on America's...
A bstract The growth rates of Antarctic fur seal ( Arctocephalus gazella ) pups estimated from weighing cross‐sections of the population were compared with measured/ inferred changes in the availability of their main prey species, Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) from 1989 to 2000. There was no relationship between growth rate and mass at weaning and there were counter‐intuitive indications of higher growth rates in years...