Accurate and energy-efficient localization of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) remains a fundamental challenge due to the complex, bandwidth-limited, and highly dynamic nature of underwater acoustic environments. This paper proposes a fully adaptive deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-driven localization framework for AUVs operating in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UAWSNs). The localization problem is formulated as a...

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation bearing self-renewal ability, mediating tumor initiation and propagation. Several molecular pathways, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, are known to be aberrantly activated in cancers. In CSCs, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been associated with attribution of various properties to cancer cells including stemness characteristics, proliferation, migration, epithelial to mesenchym...

The development and improvement of advanced intestinal in vitro models has received increasing attention in recent years. While the availability of relevant in vitro models is pivotal to advance the replacement and reduction of animal use in research, their robustness is a crucial determinant for intra- and interlaboratory reproducibility. We have developed a standard protocol to build a triple culture model combining two type...

Current in vitro genotoxicity tests can produce misleading positive results, indicating an inability to effectively predict a compound’s subsequent carcinogenic potential in vivo. Such oversensitivity can incur unnecessary in vivo tests to further investigate positive in vitro results, supporting the need to improve in vitro tests to better inform risk assessment. It is increasingly acknowledged that more informative in vitro...