Allostatic load measures the physiological consequences of stress and is associated with disease outcomes. Clinical use of allostatic load is limited, in part, because its calculation requires biomarkers not routinely measured in clinical care. Presently, we evaluated associations between high allostatic load and depression as co-occurring consequences of stress among a cohort representing population subgroups largely excluded...

Periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS) involves repetitive, involuntary limb movements and is central to diagnosing periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). Although distinct, PLMS frequently co-occurs with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and shares common pathophysiological factors, including deficiencies in brain dopamine, blood iron, and possibly cobalamin. Our aim was to investigate associations between blood concentrations of...

This study investigated the development of high drug loading amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of itraconazole (ITZ) using single screw hot melt extrusion (HME) for fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing (3DP). ITZ ASDs containing 20–22% w/w ITZ were prepared with Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate, medium grade, medium particle (HPMCAS-MMP) and processed into filaments for 3DP, while a conventional direct...

Determining how the thermal tolerances of species are related to climatic conditions at multiple spatial scales can improve our understanding of species distributions and their vulnerability to climate change. We compare the warming tolerances—a metric of warming vulnerability—of arboreal and ground‐dwelling ants from savanna and adjacent semideciduous forest in Brazil's Cerrado. Warming tolerance was estimated using the diffe...

Background and aims In highly weathered soils of central Amazonia, where nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and base cations are scarce, fertilization experiments have demonstrated above- and belowground effects on total net primary productivity (NPP). This study examined how fine root stocks and turnover responded to added nutrients over a two-year period. We predicted that adding a limiting nutrient would decrease fine root st...

Currently, diagnosis of gas bubble disease (GBD) in fish relies on visual observations of bubbles in various body parts and exophthalmus. These observations lack quantified information about gas bubble load, limiting their diagnostic value. This study evaluated the suitability of existing and novel diagnostic tools for detecting GBD in Atlantic salmon exposed to supersaturation induced by pressure reduction. Existing methods w...

Disturbance is fundamental to ecosystem dynamics, and its management is foundational to effective ecosystem management for the conservation of biodiversity. Fire is a key agent of disturbance influencing faunal communities in many terrestrial ecosystems, and it underpins the conservation management of fire‐prone ecosystems. However, we have a limited understanding of how faunal communities in fire‐prone ecosystems respond to v...