Increasingly frequent and extreme precipitation events are heightening flood hazard exposure, intensifying the need for efficient and reliable flood risk modeling. Such modeling relies critically on accurate Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), yet raw DEMs often contain artificial obstructions—primarily bridges and culverts—that incorrectly disrupt modeled water flow. While high-resolution elevation data from Light Detection and...

In nitrogen (N) fixing symbioses, host‐symbiont specificity, genetic variation in bacterial symbionts and environmental variation represent fundamental constraints on the ecology, evolution and practical uses of these interactions, but detailed information is lacking for many naturally occurring N‐fixers. This study examined phylogenetic host specificity of Frankia in field‐collected nodules of two Alnus species ( A. tenuifoli...