Percussive technology in wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) shows significant behavioral variation across Africa. An example is baobab ( Adansonia digitata ) fruit pounding, which is only known to occur in the Bandafassi Arrondissement in the Kedougou region (Senegal) and in the Bafing area (Mali). The extent to which this proto-tool use behavior varies between populations is poorly understood. Here, we present a preliminary...

Aim The aim was to decipher Europe‐wide spatio‐temporal patterns of forest growth dynamics and their associations with carbon isotope fractionation processes inferred from tree rings as modulated by climate warming. Location Europe and North Africa (30‒70° N, 10° W‒35° E). Time period 1901‒2003. Major taxa studied Temperate and Euro‐Siberian trees. Methods We characterize changes in the relationship between tree growth and car...

Growth models can be used to assess forest vulnerability to climate warming. If global warming amplifies water deficit in drought‐prone areas, tree populations located at the driest and southernmost distribution limits (rear‐edges) should be particularly threatened. Here, we address these statements by analyzing and projecting growth responses to climate of three major tree species (silver fir, Abies alba ; Scots pine, Pinus s...

Aim Climate change is expected to modify growth trends of forests around the world. However, this modification may vary in strength and intensity across a species' biogeographical range. Here, we study European populations of silver fir ( Abies alba ) across its southern distribution limits in Spain, Italy and Romania. We hypothesized that growth trends of silver fir will differ across its distribution range, with a marked dec...

The increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration in the atmosphere in combination with climatic changes throughout the last century are likely to have had a profound effect on the physiology of trees: altering the carbon and water fluxes passing through the stomatal pores. However, the magnitude and spatial patterns of such changes in natural forests remain highly uncertain. Here, stable carbon isotope ratios from a network...

Tree populations located at the geographical distribution limit of the species may provide valuable information about tree‐growth response to changes on climatic conditions. We established nine Pinus nigra , 12 P. sylvestris and 17 P. uncinata tree‐ring width chronologies along the eastern and northern Iberian Peninsula, where these species are found at the edge of their natural range. Tree‐growth variability was analyzed usin...