The relationship between the Palaeolithic–Neolithic cultural transition and environmental changes is important for understanding human history. However, the timing and nature of human behaviour at the transition, and their relationship to local environmental conditions, remain poorly understood. The Yujiagou archaeological site in the Nihewan Basin, northern China, provides valuable chronological and archaeological information...

Summary Microbial phylogenetic diversity and species interactions in natural ecosystems have been investigated extensively, but our knowledge about their ecological roles, community dynamics and succession patterns is far from complete. This knowledge is essential to understand the complicated interactions of microorganisms in natural ecosystems. Here, an artificial ecosystem model of microorganisms was constructed from oil‐we...