Summary Variation in the symbiotic function of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) has been demonstrated among distinct biotic and abiotic interactions. However, there is little knowledge on how local temperature conditions influence the functional divergence of AM symbionts in alpine ecosystems. Here, we conduct a reciprocal inoculation experiment to explore the three‐way interactions among plants, AM fungal inoculum and...

Low oxygen and temperature pose key physiological challenges for endotherms living on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau ( QTP ). Molecular adaptations to high‐altitude living have been detected in the genomes of Tibetans, their domesticated animals and a few wild species, but the contribution of transcriptional variation to altitudinal adaptation remains to be determined. Here we studied a top QTP predator, the saker falcon, and ana...

Summary Appressorium formation plays a critical role in Magnaporthe oryzae . Mst50 is an adapter protein of the Mst11‐Mst7‐Pmk1 cascade that is essential for appressorium formation. To further characterize its functions, affinity purification was used to identify Mst50‐interacting proteins (MIPs) in this study. Two of the MIPs are Mst11 and Mst7 that are known to interact with Mst50 for Pmk1 activation. Surprisingly, two other...