The distribution of cytotypes and their contact zones provides insights into the spatial, morphological, and ecological differentiation of individual lineages, as well as their rates of reproductive isolation, gene flow, and/or selection. In this study, we focused on the Pulmonaria officinalis group, which comprises two widely distributed and morphologically similar species, P . obscura and P . officinalis , that differ in chr...

Polyploidization is pivotal in plant speciation, affecting adaptability, ecological tolerance and specific geographical distribution patterns. While cytotype diversity has been extensively studied in angiosperms and ferns, knowledge in homosporous lycophytes remains very limited. Our study addresses this gap, focusing on the homosporous lycophyte Huperzia selago in Central Europe. The genome size of 1330 individuals from 208 p...