Penguin populations are shaped by environmental variability and local ecological pressures, yet the demographic pathways linking climate, predation, and population dynamics remain difficult to disentangle. We analyzed breeding success and population abundance of Magellanic penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus ) at Monte León National Park, Argentina, using 15 years of reproductive data (2010–2025) and 10 years of population abun...

Fast swimming pelagic cetacean species have osteological characteristics that promote a more stable spine in comparison to that of coastal species. The Peale's dolphin ( Lagenorhynchus australis ) and the hourglass dolphin ( Lagenorhynchus cruciger ) have a close phylogenetic relationship and are found in coastal and pelagic waters in the Southern Hemisphere, respectively. The aim of this work was to study the relationship bet...