Toxic dinoflagellate blooms and microplastics are widespread coastal pollutants. In this study, the scallop, Argopecten irradians, was selected as an experimental organism to systematically investigate the single and combined toxic effects of polystyrene (PS) and the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium pacificum. The results showed that both PS and algal cells could be ingested by A. irradians. The survival rate of A. irradians...

As the second largest carbon (C) flux between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems, soil respiration (Rs) plays vital roles in regulating atmospheric CO 2 concentration ([CO 2 ]) and climatic dynamics in the earth system. Although numerous manipulative studies and a few meta‐analyses have been conducted to determine the responses of Rs and its two components [i.e., autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration] to s...