Field surveys and trench excavation investigations revealed that there were at least four large seismic events produced by slips on the Gosukebashi fault in the Holocene in the southeastern Rokko Mountains of Japan. The characteristics of deformed topographies and three‐dimensionally excavated exposures show that this fault is a right‐lateral strike–slip fault having an average slip rate of 1.0 mm/year, with a reverse displace...

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes an acute, contagious disease in a number of economically important fish species (Pilcher & Fryer 1980). It is a member of the Birnaviridae (Brown 1986). In this study, the present authors first characterized the process of fish cell damage caused by IPNV infection in cultured cells, and found that it induced fragmentation of chromosomal DNA into oligonucleosomes and also cause...

Single cell suspensions were derived from the gills of dab Limanda limanda and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar which were free from blood cell contamination. Gills were perfused with heparinized saline before the cells were liberated from their resident position using a procedure employing chelating agents and collagenase digestion. Cells were characterized using light and electron microscopy as well as histochemical staining. The...