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Motivation The database initiated by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) is one of the few globally implemented standardized vegetation surveys in mountains. The focus is on collecting plant species occurrences at 5‐year intervals along and adjacent to mountain roads spanning elevational gradients, with the goal of providing critical information about the ongoing spread of non‐native plants and the potential impacts...
Species nativeness as a cultural paradigm in conservationNARA Subscribed
Global Homogenisation of Plant Communities Along Mountain Roads by Non‐Native Species Despite Mixed Effects at Smaller ScalesNARA Subscribed
Aim Mountain ecosystems are experiencing increased invasion of non‐native plants. These increases in non‐native species put mountains at risk of biotic homogenisation and a reduction of biodiversity. Our study aims to test if non‐native plant species are contributing to biotic homogenisation along roadways in mountain regions and how this changes along elevation gradients and across spatial scales. Location 18 globally distrib...
Aim We aimed to examine the abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic drivers of non‐native plant species distribution along hiking trails in mountainous regions. Location Nine mountain regions across six continents, including North America (USA), South America (Argentina and Chile), Europe (Sweden, Norway, Czech Republic), Africa (South Africa), Asia (China) and Oceania (Australia). Time Period Data were collected between 2016 to 202...
Conserved islands of divergence associated with adaptive variation in sockeye salmon are maintained by multiple mechanismsNARA Subscribed
Local adaptation is facilitated by loci clustered in relatively few regions of the genome, termed genomic islands of divergence. The mechanisms that create and maintain these islands and how they contribute to adaptive divergence is an active research topic. Here, we use sockeye salmon as a model to investigate both the mechanisms responsible for creating islands of divergence and the patterns of differentiation at these islan...
Long‐term avian nesting data are valuable to researchers studying various aspects of avian ecology, conservation, and management. Administered by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, NestWatch accepts nesting data from volunteers and professionals who agree to follow its protocol and submit data in a standardized form using either the website NestWatch.org , the mobile app, or a bulk upload template. These data ( N = 574,288 nest r...
Global maps of soil temperatureNARA Subscribed
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1‐km 2 r...
SoilTemp: A global database of near‐surface temperatureNARA Subscribed
Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long‐term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate‐forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to...
Understanding the genetic mechanisms that facilitate adaptive radiation is an important component of evolutionary biology. Here, we genotyped 82 neutral SNPs, seven SNPs in islands of divergence identified in a previous study (island SNPs), and a region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in 32 populations of sockeye salmon to investigate whether conserved genes and genomic regions are involved in adaptive radiation....
Front CoverNARA Subscribed
Global importance of large‐diameter treesNARA Subscribed
Aim To examine the contribution of large‐diameter trees to biomass, stand structure, and species richness across forest biomes. Location Global. Time period Early 21st century. Major taxa studied Woody plants. Methods We examined the contribution of large trees to forest density, richness and biomass using a global network of 48 large (from 2 to 60 ha) forest plots representing 5,601,473 stems across 9,298 species and 210 plan...
Screening of duplicated loci reveals hidden divergence patterns in a complex salmonid genomeNARA Subscribed
A whole‐genome duplication ( WGD ) doubles the entire genomic content of a species and is thought to have catalysed adaptive radiation in some polyploid‐origin lineages. However, little is known about general consequences of a WGD because gene duplicates (i.e., paralogs) are commonly filtered in genomic studies; such filtering may remove substantial portions of the genome in data sets from polyploid‐origin species. We demonstr...
Regions of the genome displaying elevated differentiation (genomic islands of divergence) are thought to play an important role in local adaptation, especially in populations experiencing high gene flow. However, the characteristics of these islands as well as the functional significance of genes located within them remain largely unknown. Here, we used data from thousands of SNP s aligned to a linkage map to investigate genom...
Global change is impacting forests worldwide, threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services including climate regulation. Understanding how forests respond is critical to forest conservation and climate protection. This review describes an international network of 59 long‐term forest dynamics research sites ( CTFS ‐Forest GEO ) useful for characterizing forest responses to global change. Within very large plots (median size...
Signals of heterogeneous selection at an MHC locus in geographically proximate ecotypes of sockeye salmonNARA Subscribed
The genes of the major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) are an important component of the vertebrate immune system and can provide insights into the role of pathogen‐mediated selection in wild populations. Here, we examined variation at the MHC class II peptide‐binding region in 27 populations of sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka ), distributed among three distinct spawning ecotypes, from a complex of interconnected rivers...
Interaction between Introduced Trout and Larval Salamanders ( Ambystoma macrodactylum ) in High‐Elevation LakesNARA Subscribed
The larval stage of the long‐toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) is the top vertebrate predator in high‐elevation fishless lakes in the North Cascades National Park Service Complex, Washington (U.S.A.). Although most of these high‐elevation lakes were naturally fishless, trout have been stocked in many of them. We sought to determine the effects of physicochemical factors and introduced trout on abundance and behavior of...
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