This study elucidates the synergistic regulatory mechanisms of biochar-amended chicken manure and mushroom residue compost (BCM) on soil microbial communities and nutrient cycling in the extra-rhizosphere, while evaluating its potential for sustainable agricultural waste recycling. Methods: We conducted a 50-day composting trial using five biochar application rates (0–7%). Assessed parameters included compost maturity (C/N rat...

Glyptosternoid fishes are distributed in the torrent environment of alpine canyons, where they often leave the water to climb rocky cliffs. As one of the most primitive species of glyptosternoid fishes, Euchiloglanis kishinouyei was examined in the current study to analyse its gill microstructure and respiratory ability. We first found that the oxygen consumption rate was relatively high and negatively correlated with body mas...