Purpose Sweat sodium testing is increasingly used to estimate electrolyte losses during exercise; however, the reliability of sweat sodium assessment and the influence of methodological factors remain unclear. We evaluated the day-to-day variability and agreement between common sweat induction, collection, and analytical approaches, including pilocarpine iontophoresis and exercise-induced sweating. Methods Twenty physically ac...

Migration through standing waterbodies can be challenging for Atlantic salmon smolts and has often been associated with delay, disorientation and elevated mortality rates. Despite the large number of watersheds featuring stillwaters, data on smolt migration through lakes are relatively limited, particularly in relation to large natural lakes. The current study investigated movements of Salmo salar smolts on seven tributaries a...

Engineering crop plants with the biological nitrogen fixation pathway is a longstanding goal of modern agriculture. Dinitrogenase reductase (NifH) is a critical component of the biological nitrogen fixation pathway, with multiple roles in metal cofactor assembly and catalysis. This enzyme must be folded correctly as a soluble homodimer and loaded with the [4Fe-4S] metallocluster for function. Previous studies have found that K...

Aim Across much of the globe, landscape modification and the reduction of large carnivores have facilitated the expansion and growth of mesocarnivore populations. An understanding of the factors shaping the distribution and activity of mesocarnivores in highly modified systems lacking large carnivores can help ecologists predict the potential ecological impacts of such human‐induced population increases. We examined the site u...

White‐nose syndrome (WNS), caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), ranks among the most devastating wildlife diseases in recent history and is driving severe declines in North American bats. Identifying environmental factors that influence both the severity of population crashes and the potential for population persistence is essential for effective mitigation. We used a long‐term dataset from hibernacula acros...

The design of experiments to investigate the combined effects of multiple stressors requires exposing target organisms to multiple combinations of stressor doses. Concurrent manipulation of stressors is often infeasible with wildlife, but long‐lasting health effects allow individual health to be used as an integrator of prior stressor exposure. The population of bottlenose dolphins in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, experienced long...