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If the target of a goal-directed arm movement is suddenly displaced, the movement is quickly adjusted accordingly. There are situations in which grouping gives the impression that many items have been displaced, although the change that determines the direction of the perceived displacement occurs far from the target. When a single item disappears from one end of a row of items just when an item appears at the other end, it lo...
Blue carbon ecosystems such as seagrass meadows, mangrove forests, and salt marshes are important carbon sinks that can store carbon for millennia. Recently, organic matter sulfurization and pyritization have been proposed as mechanisms of net carbon storage in blue carbon ecosystems. At our study site, organic sulfur that is resistant to acid hydrolysis (protokerogen) is an order of magnitude less abundant than pyrite sulfur,...
Critical assessment of missense variant effect predictors on disease-relevant variant dataNARA Subscribed
Regular, systematic, and independent assessments of computational tools that are used to predict the pathogenicity of missense variants are necessary to evaluate their clinical and research utility and guide future improvements. The Critical Assessment of Genome Interpretation (CAGI) conducts the ongoing Annotate-All-Missense (Missense Marathon) challenge, in which missense variant effect predictors (also called variant impact...
High-risk human papillomaviruses are well-established drivers of several cancer types including cervical, head and neck, penile as well as anal cancers. While the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins have proven to be critical for malignant transformation, evidence is also beginning to emerge suggesting that both host pathways and additional viral genes may also be pivotal for malignant transformation. Here, we focus on the role of ho...
Phylosymbiosis and Elevated Cancer Risk in Genetically Depauperate Channel Island FoxesNARA Subscribed
Examination of the host‐associated microbiome in wildlife can provide critical insights into the eco‐evolutionary factors driving species diversification and response to disease. This is particularly relevant for isolated populations lacking genomic variation, a phenomenon that is increasingly common as human activities create habitat ‘islands’ for wildlife. Here, we characterised the gut and otic microbial communities of one...
In salt marshes of the Southeastern USA, purple marsh crabs ( Sesarma reticulatum ), hereafter Sesarma , aggregate in grazing and burrowing fronts at the heads of tidal creeks, accelerating creek incision into marsh platforms. We explored the effects of this keystone grazer and sediment engineer on salt marsh sediment accumulation, hydrology, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turnover using radionuclides ( 210 Pb and 7 Be), tota...
Equitable implementation of lung cancer screening: avoiding its potential to mirror existing inequities among people who use tobaccoNARA Subscribed
Purpose Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, but the advent of lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography offers a tremendous opportunity to improve lung cancer outcomes. Unfortunately, implementation of lung cancer screening has been hampered by substantial barriers and remains suboptimal. Specifically, the commentary emphasizes the intersectionality of smoking history and several important sociodem...
Purpose We aimed to understand how an interactive, web-based simulation tool can be optimized to support decision-making about the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for improving colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Methods Interviews were conducted with decision-makers, including health administrators, advocates, and researchers, with a strong foundation in CRC prevention. Following a demonstration of the mi...
Patient preferences for the design of a pharmacy-based colorectal cancer screening programNARA Subscribed
Purpose To assess preferences for design of a pharmacy-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program (PharmFIT™) among screening-eligible adults in the United States (US) and explore the impact of rurality on pharmacy use patterns (e.g., pharmacy type, prescription pick-up preference, service quality rating). Methods We conducted a national online survey of non-institutionalized US adults through panels managed by Qualtrics,...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
People rely upon sensory information in the environment to guide their actions. Ongoing goal-directed arm movements are constantly adjusted to the latest estimate of both the target and hand’s positions. Does the continuous guidance of ongoing arm movements also consider the latest visual information of the position of obstacles in the surrounding? To find out, we asked participants to slide their finger across a screen to int...
How the timing of visual feedback influences goal-directed arm movements: delays and presentation ratesNARA Subscribed
Visual feedback normally helps guide movements to their goal. When moving one’s hand, such guidance has to deal with a sensorimotor delay of about 100 ms. When moving a cursor, it also has to deal with a delay of tens of milliseconds that arises between the hand moving the mouse and the cursor moving on the screen. Moreover, the cursor is presented at a certain rate, so only positions corresponding with the position of the mou...