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Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Summary Archaea are environmentally ubiquitous on Earth, and their extremophilic and metabolically versatile phenotypes make them useful as model systems for astrobiology. Here, we reveal a new functional group of halo(natrono)archaea able to utilize alpha‐ d ‐glucans (amylopectin, amylose and glycogen), sugars, and glycerol as electron donors and carbon sources for sulfur respiration. They are facultative anaerobes enriched f...
Summary Within the complex of deep, hypersaline anoxic lakes ( DHALs ) of the Mediterranean Ridge, we identified a new, unexplored DHAL and named it ‘ L ake K ryos ’ after a nearby depression. This lake is filled with magnesium chloride ( MgCl 2 )‐rich, athalassohaline brine (salinity > 470 practical salinity units), presumably formed by the dissolution of Messinian bischofite. Compared with the DHAL Discovery , it contains el...
Pressure adaptation is linked to thermal adaptation in salt‐saturated marine habitatsNARA Subscribed
Summary The present study provides a deeper view of protein functionality as a function of temperature, salt and pressure in deep‐sea habitats. A set of eight different enzymes from five distinct deep‐sea (3040–4908 m depth), moderately warm (14.0–16.5°C) biotopes, characterized by a wide range of salinities (39–348 practical salinity units), were investigated for this purpose. An enzyme from a ‘superficial’ marine hydrotherma...
Summary Euryarchaea from the genus H alorhabdus have been found in hypersaline habitats worldwide, yet are represented by only two isolates: H alorhabdus utahensis AX ‐2 T from the shallow G reat S alt L ake of U tah, and H alorhabdus tiamatea SARL 4 B T from the S haban deep‐sea hypersaline anoxic lake ( DHAL ) in the R ed S ea. We sequenced the H . tiamatea genome to elucidate its niche adaptations. Among sequenced archaea,...
Partaking of A rchaea to biogeochemical cycling in oxygen‐deficient zones of meromictic saline L ake F aro ( M essina, I taly)NARA Subscribed
Summary We used a combination of molecular and microbiological approaches to determine the activity, abundance and diversity of archaeal populations inhabiting meromictic saline L ake F aro ( M essina, I taly). Analysis of archaeal 16 S rRNA , amoA , accA and hbd genes and transcripts revealed that sub‐ and anoxic layers of L ake F aro are primarily inhabited by the organisms related to the clusters of M arine G roup I .1a of...
Metagenomic analysis of hadopelagic microbial assemblages thriving at the deepest part of Mediterranean Sea, Matapan‐Vavilov DeepNARA Subscribed
Summary The marine pelagic zone situated > 200 m below the sea level (bls) is the largest marine subsystem, comprising more than two‐thirds of the oceanic volume. At the same time, it is one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth. Few large‐scale environmental genomics studies have been undertaken to examine the phylogenetic diversity and functional gene repertoire of planktonic microbes present in mesopelagic and bathypela...
Unveiling microbial life in the new deep‐sea hypersaline Lake Thetis . Part II: a metagenomic studyNARA Subscribed
Summary So far only little is known about the microbial ecology of Mediterranean deep‐sea hypersaline anoxic lakes (DHALs). These brine lakes were formed by evaporite dissolution/brine seeps and are important model environments to provide insights into possible metabolisms and distributions of microorganisms on the early Earth. Our study on the Lake Thetis , a new thalassohaline DHAL located South‐East of the Medriff Corridor,...
Unveiling microbial life in new deep‐sea hypersaline Lake Thetis . Part I: Prokaryotes and environmental settingsNARA Subscribed
Summary In September 2008, an expedition of the RV Urania was devoted to exploration of the genomic richness of deep hypersaline anoxic lakes (DHALs) located in the Western part of the Mediterranean Ridge. Approximately 40 nautical miles SE from Urania Lake, the presence of anoxic hypersaline lake, which we named Thetis , was confirmed by swath bathymetry profiling and through immediate sampling casts. The brine surface of the...
Summary A new piezotolerant alkane‐degrading bacterium ( Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus strain #5) was isolated from deep (3475 m) Mediterranean seawater and grown at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and at 35 MPa with hexadecane as sole source of carbon and energy. Modification of the hydrostatic pressure influenced neither the growth rate nor the amount of degraded hexadecane (≈ 90%) during 13 days of incubation. However,...
Summary The biosphere of planet Earth is delineated by physico‐chemical conditions that are too harsh for, or inconsistent with, life processes and maintenance of the structure and function of biomolecules. To define the window of life on Earth (and perhaps gain insights into the limits that life could tolerate elsewhere), and hence understand some of the most unusual biological activities that operate at such extremes, it is...
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