Cognitive decline is a major non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), often linked to brain atrophy. This study examines the relationship between cortical atrophy and age groups in predicting cognitive decline in PD over five years. 188 PD patients from the COPPADIS cohort were stratified by age: young (30–55 years, N = 47), middle-aged (56–65 years, N = 59), and older adults (66–75 years, N = 82). Baseline cortical volu...

In on‐demand irrigation network design, calculation of pipe flows is usually based on the mean water requirements of the crops that can be expected to be planted in the area. However, while the network is sized for mean water needs, the actual requirements of each plot will depend on the crop planted and may well be different from the calculated mean water needs. As a result, the network may be undersized in terms of covering...

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 793–802 Abstract We test for two critical phenomena in Amazonian ecosystems: self‐organized criticality (SOC) and critical transitions. SOC is often presented in the complex systems literature as a general explanation for scale invariance in nature. In particular, this mechanism is claimed to underlie the macroscopic structure and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. These would be inextricably linked...