Climate‐driven alterations in sea‐ice dynamics and shifting fishing activity are reshaping ecosystems across the Arctic and Antarctic, yet conservation‐relevant information for chondrichthyans (sharks, rays, and chimaeras) remains limited. We present the first assessment of Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRAs) across Polar Waters, integrating species distributions, extinction risk, critical habitat evidence, spatial protectio...

A ring trial among five European laboratories was organized to reach consistency in microsatellite (MS) typing of the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii . Three sample sets were circulated and analyzed by each laboratory following a previously published method that is based on fragment length polymorphism of 15 MS markers. The first sample set compared typing results in general and focused on effects of DNA concentration; the...

Summary The second messenger cyclic di‐ GMP (c‐di‐ GMP ) controls the transition between different lifestyles in bacterial pathogens. Here, we report the identification of D gc P (diguanylate cyclase conserved in P seudomonads), whose activity in the olive tree pathogen P seudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is dependent on the integrity of its GGDEF domain. Furthermore, deletion of the dgc P gene revealed that D gc P negative...

Current population genetic models fail to cope with genetic differentiation for species with large, contiguous and heterogeneous distribution. We show that in such a case, genetic differentiation can be predicted at equilibrium by circuit theory, where conductance corresponds to abundance in species distribution models ( SDM s). Circuit‐ SDM approach was used for the phylogeographic study of the lepidopteran cereal stemborer B...