The ecology of the Greater Caribbean manatee ( Trichechus manatus manatus ) remains underexplored in southern Central America, particularly in Panama and Costa Rica. This study presents, for the first time, significant information about their local and regional movements, connectivity, and residence times in various wetlands. Since 2016, we have employed acoustic monitoring to track the manatee population, identifying individu...

Introduction This work presents an unsupervised learning-based methodology to identify and count unique manatees using underwater vocalization recordings. Methods The proposed approach uses Scattering Wavelet Transform (SWT) to represent individual manatee vocalizations. A Manifold Learning approach, known as PacMAP, is employed for dimensionality reduction. A density-based algorithm, known as Hierarchical Density-Based Spatia...

Elite athletes will compete in extreme heat more frequently as global land and sea temperatures increase, alongside more intense, frequent and longer duration heatwaves. Best practices to protect athlete health and performance during competition include heat acclimation/acclimatisation [(HA); i.e., long-term pre-competition preparation] complemented by pre-planned and practised cooling and hydration strategies (i.e., short-ter...

Neurodevelopmental disorders are increasing globally, and metal exposure may play a significant role as an environmental factor. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify metal mixture patterns and assess their impact on children’s neurodevelopment. Data from 962 children (aged 4–5 years) participating in the Spanish INMA cohort study were analysed. Urinary metal concentrations (cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), se...

Understanding the processes of adaptive divergence, which may ultimately lead to speciation, is a major question in evolutionary biology. Allochronic differentiation refers to a particular situation where gene flow is primarily impeded by temporal isolation between early and late reproducers. This process has been suggested to occur in a large array of organisms, even though it is still overlooked in the literature. We here fo...

Host–pathogen interactions are of particular interest in studies of the interplay between population dynamics and natural selection. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes of demographically fluctuating species are highly suitable markers for such studies, because they are involved in initiating the immune response against pathogens and display a high level of adaptive genetic variation. We investigated whether two M...

In cyclic populations, high genetic diversity is currently reported despite the periodic low numbers experienced by the populations during the low phases. Here, we report spatio‐temporal monitoring at a very fine scale of cyclic populations of the fossorial water vole ( Arvicola terrestris ) during the increasing density phase. This phase marks the transition from a patchy structure (demes) during low density to a continuous p...

The delimitation of population units is of primary importance in population management and conservation biology. Moreover, when coupled with landscape data, the description of population genetic structure can provide valuable knowledge about the permeability of landscape features, which is often difficult to assess by direct methods (e.g. telemetry). In this study, we investigated the genetic structuring of a roe deer populati...