The climbing orchid Erythrorchis altissima is the largest mycoheterotroph in the world. Although previous in vitro work suggests that E. altissima has a unique symbiosis with wood‐decaying fungi, little is known about how this giant orchid meets its carbon and nutrient demands exclusively via mycorrhizal fungi. In this study, the mycorrhizal fungi of E. altissima were molecularly identified using root samples from 26 individua...

Release‐recapture experiments were conducted to examine temporal changes of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) ratios in the muscle tissue of artificially produced Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus , juveniles. About 9000 juveniles (mean ± s . d . 43·3 ± 5·2 mm in standard length and 1·07 ± 0·37 g, n = 15) were released in each of three coastal areas: Chojagasaki, Arasaki and Jogashima with diffe...