Recombinant expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae offers an alternative approach to developing large-scale production systems for class II bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, such as enterocin A, mundticin ST4SA and plantaricin 423. An important consideration for bacteriocin activity is disulphide bond formation: mature mundticin ST4SA has one, and plantaricin 423 and enterocin A each have two disulphide bonds....

Hydroelectric dams, once seen as clean and renewable energy sources, have been the subject of extensive research, particularly concerning their socioenvironmental impacts. The Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant (HPP) relies on the operation of 2 dams that divert water from a 130‐km stretch of the Xingu River to generate energy. The dam has disrupted the seasonal flooding cycle (flood pulse) along the Volta Grande do Xingu (V...

Along U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast barrier islands, red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) are top predators that are thought to impact smaller mesopredators and depredate beach-nesting birds. Starting in 2015, sarcoptic mange epizootics among red foxes led to their eventual temporary extirpation from most of Fire Island, NY, USA. We monitored the subsequent changes to the mammalian predator community on this barrier island and explored...

Disease is a key driver of community and ecosystem structure, especially when it strikes foundation species. In the widespread marine foundation species eelgrass ( Zostera marina ), outbreaks of wasting disease have caused large‐scale meadow collapse in the past, and the causative pathogen, Labyrinthula zosterae , is commonly found in meadows globally. Research to date has mainly focused on abiotic environmental drivers of sea...

In 2013 there were reports on exceptionally deep earthquakes in ca. 40 km depth below the intraplate East Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany. Due to this observation the regional seismological monitoring network was improved to better explore this unusual seismicity. In order to acquire the necessary instruments, financial resources, and man power, a close partnership was initiated between the local state seismological service and...

Increasingly, dry conifer forest restoration has focused on reestablishing horizontal and vertical complexity and ecological functions associated with frequent, low-intensity fires that characterize these systems. However, most forest inventory approaches lack the resolution, extent, or spatial explicitness for describing tree-level spatial aggregation and openings that were characteristic of historical forests. Uncrewed aeria...

Inheritance from prior exposure often complicates the interpretation of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) inventories in glaciated terrain. Lochnagar, a mountain in eastern Scotland, holds a clear geomorphological record of corrie glaciation and the thinning of the last Scottish ice sheet over the last ~15 ka. Yet attempts to date the main stages in deglaciation after sampling of 21 granite boulders for 10 Be, 26 Al and 14...

Coastal wetland communities provide valuable ecosystem services such as erosion prevention, soil accretion, and essential habitat for coastal wildlife, but are some of the most vulnerable to the threats of climate change. This work investigates the combined effects of two climate stressors, elevated temperature (ambient, + 1.7 °C, + 3.4 °C, and 5.1 °C) and elevated CO 2 ( e CO 2 ), on leaf physiological traits of dominant salt...