At high latitudes, the thermal protection of snowpack is important for many small-bodied mammal species during the winter. As depth and persistence of snow changes due to climate change, species that rely on snowpack’s insulation must increasingly depend on alternative thermal refuges. For the American marten ( Martes americana ), winter rest sites are predominantly in ground microsites. In some regions, however, martens prima...

This study aimed to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of implementing a prediction tool for estimating mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia conversion risk. A decision-analytic model was developed to compare the costs and effects of current practice for subjects with MCI to a situation in which the risk of dementia is estimated using a prediction tool. Different scenarios in terms of prediction horizons, predict...

Key message Potato bolters are caused by excision of a transposon from the StCDF1.3 allele, resulting in a somatic mutant with late maturity . Abstract Somatic mutations during vegetative propagation can lead to novel genotypes, known as sports. In cultivated potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), a recurring sport type, called ‘Bolters’, is characterized by vigorous haulms and prolonged flowering. Bolters emerge spontaneously during p...

Reference genomes from representative species across families provide the critical infrastructure for research and conservation. The Cetacean Genomes Project (CGP) began in early 2020 to facilitate the generation of near error-free, chromosome-resolved reference genomes for all cetacean species. Towards that goal, and using the methods, goals and genome assembly quality standards of the Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP), we gen...

Canagliflozin (Cana) started at 16 months of age and 16-hydroxy-estradiol (OH_Est) started at 12 months each led to significant increases in lifespan in male UM-HET3 mice but significant decreases in female lifespan. To seek insights into the basis for these sex-specific effects, we performed end-of-life histopathological analyses of control and treated mice for all three interventions testing program sites. There were no sign...

Reservoirs serve critical roles providing drinking water, irrigation, flood control, hydropower, recreation, fisheries, and aquatic habitat. Yet their physical position, complex shape, and large watersheds make reservoirs especially susceptible to eutrophication and harmful algal bloom (HAB) production. Boysen Reservoir, WY, is a high priority for proactive nutrient management because it is an important source for drinking wat...

Polar cod ( Boreogadus saida ) functions as a key species in the Arctic food web and is one of the most abundant Arctic fishes. Despite its ecological importance, the feeding ecology of juveniles sampled under the sea ice is unknown. In November 2019, at the onset of sea ice formation, sea-ice associated polar cod and zooplankton samples were collected in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas. Stomach contents were highly digested and...

Understanding the role of apex predators on ecosystems is essential for designing effective conservation strategies. Supporting recovery of apex predators can have many benefits; one that has been rarely examined is control of invasive prey. We investigated whether a recovering apex predator, the southern sea otter ( Enhydra lutris nereis ), can exert local control over a global marine invader, the green crab ( Carcinus maenas...

This work focusses on extending the deep compartment model (DCM) framework to the estimation of mixed-effects. By introducing random effects, model predictions can be personalized based on drug measurements, enabling the testing of different treatment schedules on an individual basis. The performance of classical first-order (FO and FOCE) and machine learning based variational inference (VI) algorithms were compared in a simul...

Globally, protected areas associated with sacred sites and cemeteries are an emerging area of research. However, they are biased toward terrestrial systems. In Fiji, funerary protected areas (FPAs) in freshwater and marine systems are culturally protected by Indigenous Fijians following the burial of a loved one on clan land. First documented in the 1800s, FPAs in Fiji have not been researched despite more than 30 years of con...

Purpose We aimed to develop and evaluate a population PK model of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in pediatric kidney transplant patients to aid MPA dose optimization. Methods Data were collected from pediatric kidney transplant recipients from a Dutch academic hospital (Radboudumc, the Netherlands). Pharmacokinetic model-building and model-validation analyses were performed using NONMEM. Subsequently, we externally evaluated the fina...