Trichinellosis is a dangerous food-borne zoonotic infection with a global spread. Treatment is currently insufficient. The study aimed to assess the potential therapeutic effects of Sage ( Salvia officinalis ) leaves extract in comparison to albendazole against Trichinella spiralis infection in mice. Seventy mice were classified into six groups, non-infected control, non-infected receiving Salvia officinalis extract, infected...

Urban areas are growing rapidly across the globe. Such environments present specific challenges to wildlife. Resources can be highly fragmented in space and time, accompanied by specific risks and opportunities that can emerge from proximity with humans. Overall, these have been shown to lead to specific activity patterns in wildlife, which tend to restrict their space use accordingly to avoid encounters with humans. Yet, some...

Phytoplankton production as indicated by chlorophyll a concentrations in Lake Karāpiro, the last hydro power station lake on the Waikato River, shows high seasonal variability but a long term trend of decrease, despite an abundance of nutrients (N and P) in the river. Early studies pre‐2005 of the river system's eight hydro dams identified that only Lakes Ohakuri and Arapuni thermally stratified in summer, and it was hypothesi...

Climate change-exacerbated flooding has renewed interest in property buyouts as a pillar of managed retreat from coastal zones and floodplains in the United States. However, federal buyout programs are widely critiqued for being inaccessible and inequitable. To learn whether and how subnational buyout programs overcome these limitations, we examined five leading US state, county, and local buyout programs to see what they teac...

The rate of breast cancer is rapidly increasing and discovering medications with therapeutic effects play a significant role in women’s health. Drugs derived from marine sponges have recently received FDA approval for the treatment of malignant tumors, including metastatic breast cancer. Spirastrella pachyspira (marine sponge) is mainly obtained from the western coastal region of India, and its anticancer potential has not bee...

Common killifish Fundulus heteroclitus were acclimated to ecologically relevant temperatures (5, 15 and 33°C) and their maximum heart rate ( f Hmax ) was measured at each acclimation temperature during an acute warming protocol. Acclimation to 33°C increased peak f Hmax by up to 32% and allowed the heart to beat rhythmically at a temperature 10°C higher when compared with acclimation to 5°C. Independent of acclimation temperat...

Birds migrate over vast distances at substantial costs. The highly dynamic nature of the air makes the selection of the best travel route difficult. We investigated to what extent migratory birds may optimise migratory route choice with respect to wind, and if route choice can be subject to natural selection. Following the optimal route, calculated using 21 years of empirical global wind data, reduced median travel time by 26....

Nitrogen fixation by diazotrophic cyanobacteria is a critical source of new nitrogen to the oligotrophic surface ocean. Research to date indicates that some diazotroph groups may increase nitrogen fixation under elevated pCO 2 . To test this in natural plankton communities, four manipulation experiments were carried out during two voyages in the South Pacific (30–35 o S). High CO 2 treatments, produced using 750 ppmv CO 2 to a...

To examine the controls of new nitrogen supply in oligotrophic waters, nitrogen fixation and nutrients were monitored during a quasi‐Lagrangian study in surface waters of the north Tasman Sea during March–April 2006. The study was initiated coincident with a tropical cyclone, with high rainfall and winds that eroded surface layer density structure and increased surface phosphate and silicate concentrations by 50%. However, the...

Analyses of life‐history, ecological, and geographic trait differences among species, their causes, correlates, and likely consequences are increasingly important for understanding and conserving biodiversity in the face of rapid global change. Assembling multispecies trait data from diverse literature sources into a single comprehensive data set requires detailed consideration of methods to reliably compile data for particula...

The northeast shelf of the North Island of New Zealand was sampled on four occasions from early spring to late summer in 1996–97. During this period, tight linkages between the physical and chemical forcings and the response from the microbial food‐web were observed. During bloom conditions in early spring the phytoplankton population was dominated by large diatoms with the picophytoplankton contributing an average of 8% of th...

Phytoplankton are recognised as the primary source of food for cultured mussels. Small phytoplankton ( a concentration as an accurate measure of phytoplankton food supply for mussels.

During a survey cruise crossing the Subtropical Front over the Chatham Rise east of New Zealand, we made the first observation in High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll waters of massive sedimentation of picoplankton embedded in large (>0.5 mm diam.) organic aggregates (OAs) sensu Riley (1963). We estimate 9.3 mg C m ‐2 yr ‐1 of prokaryotic picoplankton biomass alone may be transported below the euphotic zone via this mechanism. Using...