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Purpose Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DWHOS) responders potentially experienced multiple stressors. We examined associations between DWHOS deployment-related stressor patterns and neurological and endocrine/metabolic conditions among U.S. Coast Guard active duty responders who completed post-deployment surveys (n = 3102). Methods Deployment-related stressor patterns were identified using principal component analysis of self-rep...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Geographic Variation in the Diet of Red Knot ( Calidris canutus ) Chicks Reflects Local Prey CommunitiesNARA Subscribed
Aim To describe and compare the diets of an Arctic‐breeding shorebird, the Red Knot ( Calidris canutus ), across three geographically distinct breeding sites. We aimed to document the dietary patterns and identify key prey groups that characterise each population's foraging ecology. Location Northwest Alaska (Nome), Northeast Greenland (Zackenberg) and North‐Central Russia (Taimyr Peninsula). Taxon Red Knot (Aves: Calidris can...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Inter-individual variability of neurotransmitter receptor and transporter density in the human brainNARA Subscribed
Neurotransmitter receptors guide the propagation of signals between brain regions. Mapping receptor distributions in the brain is therefore necessary for understanding how neurotransmitter systems mediate the link between brain structure and function. Normative receptor density can be estimated using group averages from Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging. However, the generalizability and reliability of group-average r...
Temperature and daily, rapid flow fluctuations alter emergence timing, survival, and body size of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fryNARA Subscribed
Abrupt flow changes from hydropower regulation, or ‘hydropeaking’, can cause sudden dewatering in rivers, but its interaction with climate change on aquatic organisms’ ontogenetic niche shifts is poorly understood. Hydropeaking is becoming increasingly common in regulated rivers, including those with populations of the threatened Atlantic salmon. This study examined how elevated temperatures, rapid flow fluctuations (simulatin...
Invasive bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis have spread throughout the Mississippi River basin, negatively impacting ecosystems. We used a remnant population (32 years after stocking) to better understand H. nobilis . We observed high annual survival (>95%), but growth was relatively slow. Lapilli otolith sections were reliable aging structures but underestimated H. nobilis age by ~10%. Dorsal‐fin rays and postcleithra al...
Pre‐existing phytoplankton biomass concentrations shape coastal plankton response to fire‐generated ash leachateNARA Subscribed
Climate‐driven warming is projected to intensify wildfires, increasing their frequency and severity globally. Wildfires are an increasingly significant source of atmospheric deposition, delivering nutrients, organic matter, and trace metals to coastal and open ocean waters. These inputs have the potential to fertilize or inhibit microbial growth, yet their ecological impacts remain poorly understood. This study examines how as...
Variants which disrupt splicing are a frequent cause of rare disease that have been under-ascertained clinically. Accurate and efficient methods to predict a variant’s impact on splicing are needed to interpret the growing number of variants of unknown significance (VUS) identified by exome and genome sequencing. Here, we present the results of the CAGI6 Splicing VUS challenge, which invited predictions of the splicing impact...
The Arctic environment plays a critical role in the global climate system and marine biodiversity. The region's ice‐covered expanses provide essential breeding and feeding grounds for a diverse assemblage of marine species, who have adapted to thrive in these harsh conditions and consequently are under threat from global warming. The bearded seal ( Erignathus barbatus ), including two subspecies ( E. barbatus nauticus — Pacifi...
ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human kidney tissue and urine extracellular vesicles with age, sex, and COVID-19NARA Subscribed
SARS-CoV-2 virus infects cells by engaging with ACE2 requiring protease TMPRSS2. ACE2 is highly expressed in kidneys. Predictors for severe disease are high age and male sex. We hypothesized that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins are more abundant (1) in males and with increasing age in kidney and (2) in urine and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from male patients with COVID-19 and (3) SARS-CoV-2 is present in urine and EVs during infect...
SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023: The First Five Years of Data From a Coordinated Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multicontributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of specie...
Aquaculture farming discharges large volumes of fish sludge, consisting of particulate organic matter from feed spill and feces. Fish sludge from land‐based salmonid aquaculture systems can potentially be used to feed low‐trophic species such as marine polychaetes and insects. Further use of these invertebrates as feed may provide a more sustainable feed chain. However, food security must not compromise feed or food safety. Th...
Transect surveys are widely used to quantify mismanaged plastic waste discarded to the environment. However, very few studies have quantified inter-observer reliability in environmental waste surveys. The aim of this study was to assess inter-observer reliability for a set of environmental waste indicators derived from transect surveys in slum areas of two sub-Saharan African cities. Pairs of observers independently recorded c...