This study, conducted in Shosha, Minia, Egypt, aimed to evaluate the effects of magnetically treated saline groundwater on both soil characteristics and the performance of tomato crops grown in arid sandy soils. The influence of magnetic fields on water quality was first assessed to determine its suitability for irrigation. Subsequently, the combined effects of MWT with different irrigation methods—namely, surface drip irrigat...

Sustainable management of natural resources is a pressing global challenge that requires the prevention of loss and waste. Egypt is facing an acute water crisis due to insufficient water supplies throughout the country. To address this issue, it is essential to implement a range of solutions to improve the situation. This study aims to alleviate the stress on multiple resources and environmental impacts in one of Egypt's earli...

Purpose: Based on its crucial regulatory role in several biochemical processes, potassium (K) is considered to greatly influence fruit yield and quality. Methods: Two field experiments were carried out in two seasons (2021 and 2022) to explore the response of lemon (Baladi cv.) trees grown in K-deficient soil to four different K fertilizer sources applied individually as a foliar spray. K citrate (KC 1 = 1.3 vs. KC 2 = 2.6 g L...

Despite Saudi Arabia being an interesting area from a floristic perspective, its vegetation is still relatively poorly studied. This certainly applies to the Hijaz Mountains and adjacent coastal zones. We aim to describe the flora and vegetation of the foothills of the Hijaz Mountains regarding the environmental conditions. Hijaz Mountains and adjacent coastal zones, Saudi Arabia. We studied the vegetation at the Hijaz Mountai...