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The androgenic gland (AG) is a male-specific endocrine organ in crustaceans, playing a crucial role in sexual differentiation. The function of the AG in decapods has been attributed to the expression of the insulin-like androgenic gland hormone ( IAG ) encoding gene which in Macrobrachium rosenbergii was shown to serve as a sexual switch (IAG-switch) for natural sexual differentiation as well as for sex manipulations. Macrobra...
Detailed tracking of all relevant– natural and man-made– activities in the forest enables real-time monitoring of carbon dynamics, providing immediate feedback on the carbon impact of specific forestry operations. Carbon is sequestered and emitted at many points along the wood supply chain as well as its upstream and downstream processes. The spatial, technical, and organizational aspects of the associated process steps are ve...
Impact of persistently high sea surface temperatures on the rhizobiomes of Zostera marina in a Baltic Sea benthocosmsNARA Subscribed
Persistently high marine temperatures are escalating and threating marine biodiversity. The Baltic Sea, warming faster than other seas, is a good model to study the impact of increasing sea surface temperatures. Zostera marina , a key player in the Baltic ecosystem, faces susceptibility to disturbances, especially under chronic high temperatures. Despite the increasing number of studies on the impact of global warming on seagr...
Warming and parasitism impair the performance of Baltic native and invasive macroalgae and their associated faunaNARA Subscribed
Global warming, bioinvasions, and parasitism affect single‐species performances and species interactions, substantially impacting the structure and stability of marine ecosystems. In light of accelerated global change, the information derived from studies focusing on single species and single drivers is insufficient, calling for a multi‐stressor approach under near‐natural conditions. We investigated the effects of warming (+3...
Topographic Mapping of the Primary Sensory Cortex Using Intraoperative Optical Imaging and Tactile IrritationNARA Subscribed
The determination of exact tumor boundaries within eloquent brain regions is essential to maximize the extent of resection. Recent studies showed that intraoperative optical imaging (IOI) combined with median nerve stimulation is a helpful tool for visualization of the primary sensory cortex (PSC). In this technical note, we describe a novel approach of using IOI with painless tactile irritation to demonstrate the feasibility...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder of multifactorial origin. Evidence of disturbed serotonergic function in IBS accumulated for the 5-HT 3 receptor family. 5-HT 3 Rs are encoded by HTR3 genes and control GI function, and peristalsis and secretion, in particular. Moreover, 5-HT 3 R antagonists are beneficial in the treatment of diarrhea predominant IBS (IBS-D). We previously reported on functionally relevant...
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) channels are the molecular correlate of the I f current and are critically involved in controlling neuronal excitability and the autonomous rhythm of the heart. The HCN4 isoform is the main HCN channel subtype expressed in the sinoatrial node (SAN), a tissue composed of specialized pacemaker cells responsible for generating the intrinsic heartbeat. More than 40 years ag...
Role of hydrodynamics in shaping chemical habitats and modulating the responses of coastal benthic systems to ocean global changeNARA Subscribed
Marine coastal zones are highly productive, and dominated by engineer species (e.g. macrophytes, molluscs, corals) that modify the chemistry of their surrounding seawater via their metabolism, causing substantial fluctuations in oxygen, dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, and nutrients. The magnitude of these biologically driven chemical fluctuations is regulated by hydrodynamics, can exceed values predicted for the future open oc...
Pulsed pressure: Fluctuating impacts of multifactorial environmental change on a temperate macroalgal communityNARA Subscribed
Global change impacts marine organisms and communities mainly through ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and changes in nutrient inputs and water circulation. To assess the ecological impacts of global change, the effects of multiple interacting environmental drivers, including their fluctuations, should be tested at different levels of biological organization. In an outdoor mesocosm study, we investigated the differ...
How Do Geological Structure and Biological Diversity Relate? Benthic Communities in Boulder Fields of the Southwestern Baltic SeaNARA Subscribed
Environmental factors shape the structure and functioning of benthic communities. In coastal zones of the southwestern Baltic Sea, boulder fields represent one of the most productive habitats, supporting diverse benthic communities that provide many ecosystem services. In this study, the influence of the geological characteristics of boulder fields on the biodiversity of associated hard-bottom communities was investigated at t...
Ongoing climate warming demands a better understanding of whether or how the ectotherms that evolved in response to fluctuating stress regimes may acquire increased heat tolerance. Using blue mussels, Mytilus spp., a globally important and well-studied species, we provide empirical evidence supporting that (i) extremely warm (future) summer conditions may select rare recruits that are more capable of expressing metabolic (feed...
Freshening rather than warming drives trematode transmission from periwinkles to musselsNARA Subscribed
In the Western Baltic Sea, climate change is happening at much faster rate than in most other seas and organisms are additionally exposed to a steep and variable salinity gradient. Climate change has previously been shown to affect parasite transmission in other marine ecosystems, yet little is known about potential effects of warming and desalination on parasite–host interactions. In laboratory experiments, we determined the...
Season affects strength and direction of the interactive impacts of ocean warming and biotic stress in a coastal seaweed ecosystemNARA Subscribed
The plea for using more “realistic,” community‐level, investigations to assess the ecological impacts of global change has recently intensified. Such experiments are typically more complex, longer, more expensive, and harder to interpret than simple organism‐level benchtop experiments. Are they worth the extra effort? Using outdoor mesocosms, we investigated the effects of ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA), their combi...
Effects of temperature on carbon circulation in macroalgal food webs are mediated by herbivoresNARA Subscribed
Warming is one of the most dramatic aspects of climate change and threatens future ecosystem functioning. It may alter primary productivity and thus jeopardize carbon sequestration, a crucial ecosystem service provided by coastal environments. Fucus vesiculosus is an important canopy-forming macroalga in the Baltic Sea, and its main consumer is Idotea balthica . The objective of this study is to understand how temperature impa...
El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability, teleconnection changes and responses to large volcanic eruptions since AD 1000NARA Subscribed
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the earth's dominant mode of inter‐annual climate variability. It alternates between warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) states, with global impacts on climate and society. This study provides new ENSO reconstructions based on a large, updated collection of proxy records. We use a novel reconstruction approach that employs running principal components, which allows us to take covariance...
Heat waves and their significance for a temperate benthic community: A near‐natural experimental approachNARA Subscribed
Climate change will not only shift environmental means but will also increase the intensity of extreme events, exerting additional stress on ecosystems. While field observations on the ecological consequences of heat waves are emerging, experimental evidence is rare, and lacking at the community level. Using a novel “near‐natural” outdoor mesocosms approach, this study tested whether marine summer heat waves have detrimental c...