This study examines the urgent issues of water scarcity and limited farmer livelihoods in the Urmia Lake basin. To address these challenges, we apply the Governance, Autonomy, Integration, and Needs orientation (GAIN) methodology. Our participatory approach revealed that farmers prioritised actionable measures for water management, yield improvement, and agricultural efficiency. The resulting action plan focused on concrete co...

Analysis of the trend of climatic records is necessary for better climate modelling and subsequently adopting effective planning and management strategies. In this research, the Southern Alborz Range, Iran was selected to analyse the trends and stationarity of hydro‐climatic time series. The Mann–Kendall (M‐K) classic test was considered to identify the monotonic trend, while trend free pre‐whitening approach was applied for e...