This study investigated the interactions between cymothoids parasitism, environmental stressors, and heavy metal bioaccumulation in commercially farmed fish in the Deeba Triangle area, Egypt. Over 600 fish, comprising gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) and two mullet species ( Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada ), were examined during spring and summer 2023. Seasonal variations in cymothoids parasite infestation showed higher pre...

Drought, widely studied as an important driver of ecosystem dynamics, is predicted to increase in frequency and severity globally. To study drought, ecologists must define or at least operationalize what constitutes a drought. How this is accomplished in practice is unclear, particularly given that climatologists have long struggled to agree on definitions of drought, beyond general variants of “an abnormal deficiency of water...