Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). It has been proposed that mitochondrial unfolded-protein response (UPR mt ) activation improves mitochondrial function in the liver. Growing evidence demonstrates that physical exercise effectively prevents and treats MASLD. However, the effects of exercise on UPR mt activation in the liver ar...

Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...

Although the R Shiny framework enables the development of interactive web applications without requiring advanced web programming skills, its adoption in forestry remains limited. This study presents ForestCalc, an open-source decision-support web application developed in R/Shiny for estimating forest volume, aboveground dry biomass, and carbon stocks in native forest phytophysiognomies of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The application...

Anesthetics are widely employed in aquaculture and in research environments utilizing fish as experimental models, with the aim of mitigating stress and hypermotility during handling procedures. Among the most commonly used anesthetic agents, eugenol stands out for its suitability across multiple species, enabling safer handling and transportation while minimizing physiological impact on the animals. For the experimental proce...

Metallic pollution is an emerging and underappreciated stressor contributing to global bee declines, yet the evidence base remains fragmented across metals, taxa, endpoints, and geographic regions. Here, we provide the first hypothesis-driven scientometric synthesis of the global literature on metallic pollutants and bees. Using Web of Science records, we compiled 154 experimental and field-based studies and quantitatively tes...

Aim We evaluate the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic validity of Atlantic species of Labrisomus , identifying the lineages currently assigned to L. nuchipinnis , and assessing the role of biogeographic barriers in shaping the evolutionary history and geographic distribution of the genus. Location Atlantic Ocean. Taxon Labrisomus . Methods We assembled an extensive mitochondrial and nuclear DNA dataset of Atlantic speci...

Aim We investigate the distribution of dispersal modes — endozoochory (via animal ingestion), synzoochory (via animal seed accumulation) and anemochory (via wind)—and seed mass of woody plants across Brazilian ecosystems, testing whether their relative abundance in local plant communities could be predicted by climate, edaphic factors and dispersal agents (e.g., the main vectors moving seeds). We expected climate to be the mai...

Age at puberty is a key determinant of reproductive efficiency in dairy systems and may vary according to genetic composition and body development. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphometric predictors of puberty onset and to compare puberty timing between 3/4 and 5/8 Girolando heifers. A total of 60 heifers (3/4, n = 18; 5/8, n = 42), aged 6.9 to 13.5 months, were raised under semi-intensive system. Every 21 days, mor...

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for approximately 90% of oral cancer cases, and due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options remains a significant clinical challenge. In the pursuit of novel therapeutic agents, bis-chalcones (a subclass of chalcones) have emerged as promising candidates with multipronged anticancer potential. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated a novel bis-chalcone (B2OCH 3...

Triploid plants are usually sterile or produce non-viable seeds, but may produce fruits. This study examined the morphological and reproductive characteristics of triploid Passiflora cincinnata Masters, with a focus on fruit and seed production. Triploid plants were obtained through in vitro cultivation of the endosperm via somatic embryogenesis, whereas diploid plants were raised through seed germination. Diploid and triploid...

Improving soil productivity in the Brazilian semi-arid region remains a major challenge. Integrated livestock–forest (ILF) systems represent a promising strategy for agricultural intensification with lower environmental impacts, as they enhance soil microbial functioning and support soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks accumulation. However, studies on how ILF systems affect soil biological properties and SOC dynamics in tropical...