Tumor progression depends on an adequate blood supply to sustain oxygen and nutrients delivery. While tumor angiogenesis involves the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, vessel co-option represents a non-angiogenic vascularization strategy whereby tumor cells utilize pre-existing host vessels. Co-opted vessels have been considered refractory to anti-angiogenic therapies, and pharmacological modulation of co-...

The objectives of this study were to determine the rates of natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F), total mortality (Z), the exploitation rates (E), as well as the biological reference points (BRPs) and the annual removal rates (R) of the crocodile shark, Pseudocarcharias kamoharai, in the Ecuadorian Pacific. Thirty similar and different models were applied to determine all these rates. These equations were obtained from...

The Patagonian toothfish or Chilean sea bass, Dissostichus eleginoides , is an ecological and commercially important species captured by the Equatorian fleet in the Southeast Pacific Ocean. This study aimed to determine this species' diet composition and feeding habits captured in three geographical zones from Ecuador during 2017 and 2018. The total length and corporal mass were measured during this period, and the sex and sex...

Known as the “king of fishes,” the Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar , Salmonidae) is an iconic freshwater species whose contribution to human well‐being has long been recognized, as have widespread declines in its abundance, partly due to river regulation. To understand how salmon conservation has been addressed within the ecosystem services (ES) framework, we synthesized the peer‐reviewed literature on ES provided by salmon in r...

Aim We evaluated whether patterns of species diversity (α, β and γ) of rocky shore assemblages followed latitudinal gradients (i.e. LDGs) along the South American coasts, and tested hypotheses related to potential processes sustaining or disrupting the expected LDG pattern at various spatial scales. Location Coasts of South America. Taxon Macroalgae and sessile/slow‐moving macrofauna on intertidal rocky shores. Methods We eval...

In situ climatological observations are essential for studies related to climate trends and extreme events. However, in many regions of the globe, observational records are affected by a large number of data quality issues. Assessing and controlling the quality of such datasets is an important, often overlooked aspect of climate research. Besides analysing the measurement data, metadata are important for a comprehensive data q...