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Arctic fjords are among the most sensitive ecosystems, particularly affected by rapid cryospheric changes. One of the most prominent consequences of global warming in these regions is the increasing input of glacial meltwater, which alters the physical and chemical structure of fjord systems and profoundly affects prokaryotic (bacterial and archaeal) communities. Despite these changes, the impacts on prokaryotic communities, c...
PCB-oxidizing bacteria in Arctic and Antarctic lakes: insights into bioremediation potential in polar ecosystemsNARA Subscribed
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are long-lasting organic pollutants commonly found in polar regions due to their ability to be transported and deposited over long distances in the atmosphere. This study examined the levels of PCB contamination in water and sediment samples taken from Arctic lakes (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard) and Antarctic lakes (Livingston Island and Deception Island) and evaluated the biodegradation capabilities o...
First study on microbial community-level physiological profiles across a subArctic Atlantic marine transectNARA Subscribed
In SubArctic ecosystems, the microbial metabolic response to environmental changes is still underinvestigated. In the framework of the pan-Arctic Synoptic Arctic Survey network, the microbial community physiological profiles were determined by Biolog Ecoplates in a pelagic transect crossing the Greenland Sea at 75°N. At six hydrographic stations, seawater was sampled to cover the whole water column ranging from surface to 3532...
Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this...
Plastic pollution is a global emerging concern, but in the Arctic Ocean, the role of the plastisphere as a potential carrier of pathogens and antibiotic-resistant bacteria is unknown yet. An initial assessment of the spread of these target bacteria through their colonization of plastic particles, attributed to the micro-sized fraction (less than 5 mm, named microplastics, MPs), was carried out across the 75° N transect (Greenl...
In open regions of the Ross Sea, the role of the microbial community in the turnover of organic matter has scarcely been investigated; indeed, very little is known on how microbial distribution and functional diversity respond to environmental conditions and hydrographic structures. During the austral summer of 2017, two pelagic areas of the Ross Sea [the Drygalski Ice Tongue and the nearby Terra Nova Bay polynya (A area), and...
Crustacean sounds are the main contributor to shallow water soundscape biophonic components. Here, we investigate the sound production of Cyrtograpsus angulatus, one of the most important intertidal decapods of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Underwater audio and video were recorded during encounters among male pairs. Two kinds of experimental settings were conducted involving same size (SS) and different-size (DS) male crabs...
Background: The cold-adapted Idiomarina sp. 185 from Antarctic shoreline sediment and the mesophilic Idiomarina sp. A19 from the brackish Lake Faro (Italy) were screened for their efficiency in biosurfactant production by a temperature-mediated approach, when grown in rich culture medium and mineral medium supplemented with biphenyl. Methods: oxidation of polychlorobiphenyls and standard screening tests were performed, i.e., E...
Antarctic Porifera homogenates as a source of enzymes and antibacterial substances: first resultsNARA Subscribed
Marine Porifera (sponges) are known to produce several bioactive metabolites having a biotechnological potential, mostly derived from their bacterial symbionts; however, current knowledge on the production of metabolites such as enzymes and antibacterial molecules in sponges living in Antarctic environments is not fully exhaustive and needs further deepened investigation. The interest in discovering the broad spectrum of natur...
The evaluation of acoustic temporal rhythms in wide-ranging cetaceans can reveal patterns in animal spatial presence and the occurrence of periodical phenomena. Here, we aimed at assessing the temporal patterns of dolphin’s acoustic presence in a shallow-water area in the Sicily Strait (Mediterranean Sea). Whistles were collected continuously for 14 months from an acoustic monitoring station installed aboard of an elastic seam...