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Social enhancement of cocaine intake: behavioral mechanisms and role of reinforcing stimulusNARA Subscribed
Rationale One of the leading prognosticators of whether an adolescent or young adult will use drugs is whether the person’s peers use drugs. Preclinical studies report that cocaine intake increases in the presence of a social partner that is also self-administering cocaine, but it is not known whether this effect extends across reinforcers. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the reinforcing stimulu...
Purpose Chitosan-based materials are promising for wound healing because of their antibacterial efficacy, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, though their healing mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms of wound healing with chitosan nanofibrous dressings. Methods Thirty-nine Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups based on the type of dressings administered: (1) chit...
Chondrocytes Embedded in Agarose Generate Distinct Metabolic Heat Profiles Based on Media Carbon SourcesNARA Subscribed
Human chondrocytes are responsible for cartilage repair and homeostasis through metabolic production of precursors to collagen and other matrix components. This metabolism is sensitive both to the availability of media energy sources as well as the local temperature. Central carbon metabolites such as glucose and glutamine are essential not only for producing energetic compounds such as ATP and NADH, but also for assembling co...
The positive reinforcing effects of cocaine and opposite-sex social contact: roles of biological sex and estrusNARA Subscribed
Rationale Preclinical studies report that drug use and social contact mutually influence the reinforcing effects of one another. Most of these studies have used same-sex dyads exclusively, and the role of factors related to biological sex and hormonal fluctuations are not well understood. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the reinforcing effects of cocaine and social contact with an opposite-sex partner in ma...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Research on Bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus R., is abundant but typically focuses on water bodies with similar environmental conditions. We assessed Bluegill density, relative abundance (catch per unit effort [CPUE] by electrofishing), growth, and size structure in 60 lakes with wide-ranging surface areas (2–12,412 ha), trophic states (oligotrophic–hypereutrophic), and macrophyte abundances (0.3–100 percent of lake volume inhab...
Eastern black walnut ( Juglans nigra L.), one of the most valuable timber and veneer trees in North America, provides nut shells with unique industrial uses and nut kernels with distinctive culinary attributes. A mature F 1 full-sib progeny orchard of 248 individuals from the cross of two eastern black walnut cultivars provides a long-term resource for discovering genetic mechanisms controlling life history, quality traits, an...
Relationships among wood‐boring beetles, fungi, and the decomposition of forest biomassNARA Subscribed
A prevailing paradigm in forest ecology is that wood‐boring beetles facilitate wood decay and carbon cycling, but empirical tests have yielded mixed results. We experimentally determined the effects of wood borers on fungal community assembly and wood decay within pine trunks in the southeastern United States. Pine trunks were made either beetle‐accessible or inaccessible. Fungal communities were compared using culturing and h...
Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: A global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matterNARA Subscribed
Climate change and human pressures are changing the global distribution and the extent of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which comprise half of the global river network area. IRES are characterized by periods of flow cessation, during which channel substrates accumulate and undergo physico‐chemical changes (preconditioning), and periods of flow resumption, when these substrates are rewetted and release pulse...
In situ analysis of oxygen consumption and diffusive transport in high‐temperature acidic iron‐oxide microbial matsNARA Subscribed
Summary The role of dissolved oxygen as a principal electron acceptor for microbial metabolism was investigated within Fe ( III )‐oxide microbial mats that form in acidic geothermal springs of Y ellowstone N ational P ark ( USA ). Specific goals of the study were to measure and model dissolved oxygen profiles within high‐temperature (65–75°C) acidic (pH = 2.7–3.8) Fe ( III )‐oxide microbial mats, and correlate the abundance of...