The species-area relationship (SAR) is widely applied in ecology. Mathematically, it is usually expressed as either a semi-log or power-law relationship, with the former being introduced by Gleason and the latter by Arrhenius. We here resolve the dispute about which form of the SAR to prefer by introducing a novel model that smoothly transforms between the Gleason semi-log (GSL) and Arrhenius power law (APL) forms. The model i...

Aim The island species–area relationship (ISAR) assumes that the area of islands is homogeneous, or scales with environmental heterogeneity across an archipelago, which is not always the case. We compare the performance of models that adjust or substitute for island area with measures of habitat diversity, island age and resource availability for two taxonomic groups. Location Five hotspot archipelagos (Azores, Galapagos, Hawa...

Aim The General Dynamic Model of island biogeography (GDM) explains patterns of species richness on volcanic hotspot archipelagos with respect to island age ( T ) and area ( A ), most commonly employing what we here call semi‐log ATT 2 and LogATT 2 models. These can be considered direct extensions of semi‐log and power law species‐area relationships (SARs), with a hump‐shaped function of T modelling drivers of biodiversity ove...

Water sampling at springs that are a part of the Freeling Spring Group, South Australia, was used along with electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) data to evaluate the sources and pathways for groundwater to the springs and to find evidence of mixing between the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) aquifer system (Algebuckina Sandstone, Cadna-owie Formation and lateral equivalents) and waters from the adjacent mountain block basement (MB...