Soil microbial communities underpin ecosystem functions critical for sustainable agriculture, yet our understanding of how long‐term management of tropical agroecosystems shapes these communities remains limited. This is particularly the case in sub‐Saharan Africa where soil health challenges are most acute for food security. Using four long‐term (~20 years) experiments across contrasting agroecological zones in Kenya, we stud...

With around 2 billion cases each year, infectious gastroenteritis remains a worldwide health problem. A major cause of acute gastroenteritis is infection with enteric viruses, which often leads to hospitalization in children and immunocompromised people. We adapted and validated a gastrointestinal qPCR panel, which simultaneously detects the most common enteric viruses: Norovirus GI and GII, Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Sapovirus, A...

Microalgae are a promising feed ingredient in aquaculture due to their high nutrient content. This study evaluated the effects of different processing methods of Chlorella vulgaris on digestibility, retention, and growth performance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A total of 270 mixed-sex tilapia (average weight: 2.8 ± 0.15 g) were randomly assigned and fed to one of three experimental diets—a basal diet, a diet conta...

Limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LEPC), supported by limbal mesenchymal stromal cells (LMSC) and limbal melanocytes (LM) within a specialized niche, are responsible for maintaining the corneal epithelium. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication in various stem cell niches, yet their role in maintaining human limbal niche homeostasis remains poorly understood. In t...

Upwelling systems and their associated oxygen deficient zones (ODZs) are hotspots of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production in the ocean. The Benguela Upwelling System (BUS) is a highly productive region and an important, yet variable source of N 2 O to the atmosphere. This study examined underlying processes and microbial key players governing N 2 O production in the BUS during the austral winter. 15 N‐tracer incubation experiments...

Purpose Companies need to enhance their understanding of the environmental impacts of their products and services. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has become a prevalent method for evaluating these impacts. Despite significant advancements in LCA methodology and data availability, several challenges persist. Digital technologies may offer solutions to these challenges in LCA. Therefore, it is crucial to explore how digital technol...

Neurons in central nervous systems receive multiple synaptic inputs and transform them into a largely standardized output to their target cells—the action potential. A simplified model posits that synaptic signals are integrated by linear summation and passive propagation towards the axon initial segment, where the threshold for spike generation is either crossed or not. However, multiple lines of research during past decades...

Discerning ecosystem change and food web dynamics underlying anthropogenic eutrophication and the introduction of non-native species is necessary for ensuring the long-term sustainability of fisheries and lake biodiversity. Previous studies of eutrophication in Lake Victoria, eastern Africa, have focused on the loss of endemic fish biodiversity over the past several decades, but changes in the plankton communities over this sa...

Rifampicin and rifabutin can activate the pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2 ), thereby inducing pharmacokinetically important genes/proteins and reducing exposure to co-administered drugs. Because induction effects vary considerably between these antibiotics, differences could be due to unequal rifamycin-induced activation or tissue expression of the three major NR1I2 splice variants, PXR.1 (NM_003889), PXR.2 (NM_022002), and PX...

Smooth muscle contraction by Pim kinases and ZIPK has been suggested, but evidence for lower urinary tract organs or using Pim-selective inhibitor concentrations is not yet available. Here, we assessed effects of the Pim inhibitors AZD1208 and TCS PIM-1 and the dual ZIPK/Pim inhibitor HS38 on contractions of human prostate and bladder tissues and of porcine interlobar arteries. Human tissues were obtained from radical prostate...