Within scenario-based research of social-ecological systems, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of normative scenarios that define positive outcomes for both nature and society. While several frameworks exist to guide the co-creation of normative scenario narratives, examples of operationalizing these narratives in quantitative simulation modelling are still limited. To address this gap, this paper presents...

Tween (polysorbate) 20 and 80 are surfactants used for the development of parenteral protein drugs, due to their beneficial safety profile and stabilisation properties. To elucidate the mechanism by which Tween 20 and 80 stabilise proteins in aqueous solutions, either by a “direct” protein to surfactant interaction and/or by an interaction with the protein film at the air–water interface, we used spectroscopic (Infrared Reflec...