Marine biodiversity monitoring in the Mediterranean’s increasingly threatened ecosystems is crucial for effective ecosystem conservation and management. Here, we leveraged the Mediterranean International Trawl Survey program (MEDITS) to implement eDNA sampling through the recently tested ‘metaprobe’ procedure and characterize fish assemblages in three separate areas off the Italian coasts: Northern Adriatic Sea (NoAS), Liguria...

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand the effect of building array size ( N ), aspect ratio ( AR ), and the spacing between buildings ( $$W_S$$ W S ) on the mean structure and decay of their wakes. Arrays of size 3 $$\times $$ × 3, 4 $$\times $$ × 4,and 5 $$\times $$ × 5, AR = 4, 6, and 8, and $$W_S$$ W S = 0.5 $$W_B$$ W B , 1 $$W_B$$ W B , 2 $$W_B$$ W B and 4 $$W_B$$ W B (where $$W_B$$ W B is the building width...

Wind-tunnel experiments were carried out on four urban morphologies: two tall canopies with uniform height and two super-tall canopies with a large variation in element heights (where the maximum element height is more than double the average canopy height, $$h_{max}=2.5h_{avg}$$ h max = 2.5 h avg ). The average canopy height and packing density are fixed across the surfaces to $$h_{avg} = 80~\hbox {mm}$$ h avg = 80 mm , and $...