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Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potentialNARA Subscribed
Polar cod ( Boreogadus saida ) is a widespread, cold-adapted fish that plays a central role in Arctic food webs. Rising temperatures, declining sea ice, and associated changes in ecosystem dynamics may threaten this species. We investigated the influence of temperature on the pre-winter size of juvenile polar cod (an important predictor of overwinter survival and recruitment), examining hatch timing and growth across warm and...
Small pelagic fish (SPF) are critical to the trophodynamic structure and function of marine systems and support some of the most valuable and socially important fisheries worldwide. Their “boom and bust” population dynamics, shifts in distribution, and importance as forage resources for other fish stocks place unique challenges to assessing and managing SPF. In response to these challenges, an international working group was f...
Bottom‐tow gear fisheries (trawls and dredges) produce ~24 million mt of harvest annually, representing a globally important animal‐sourced food system. While many are currently sustainably managed, growing concern over the potential for ecosystem impacts from bottom‐tow gears has increased pressure to improve these fisheries. We assembled an international working group of > 30 contributors, including fishing industry particip...
The hyperiid amphipod Brachyscelus rapacoides is a warm-water species associated with gelatinous zooplankton. In the Mediterranean it has been reported in association with Rhopilema nomadica in both Israel and Turkey. Here, we document the first record of B. rapacoides in Greek waters, representing the first confirmed record for Europe, based on both morphological examination and DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene. Sp...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) is a technology that enables continuous, real-time measurements of a range of environmental parameters along the length of a fibre optic cable. In this article, we review the recently emerged applications of DOFS techniques in physical oceanography and offer a perspective on the technology's potential for future growth within the field. The introduction of DOFS to physical oceanography...
Multiple Community Properties Drive Ecosystem Resistance and Resilience to Extreme Climate Events Across Mesic GrasslandsNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem resistance and resilience to extreme climate events is impacted by community properties, including biodiversity. However, the relative importance of species richness, evenness and dominance is debated and is further modulated by global change factors such as nutrient addition. Using nearly 40 years of data from naturally‐assembled plant communities at three Long‐Term Ecological Research sites, we found that while spe...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Adopted “mammoths” from Alaska turn out to be a whale's taleNARA Subscribed
Radiocarbon‐dated fossils indicate woolly mammoths were extirpated from mainland Beringia around 13 000 years ago. However, environmental DNA in permafrost suggests small “cryptic“ populations survived into the Holocene. Resolving this discrepancy is crucial to understanding the drivers of mammoth extinction. The Adopt‐a‐Mammoth project, launched in 2022, is increasing the number of radiocarbon‐dated mammoth fossils to locate...
Local Thermal Extremes Shape the Nature of Herbivore Plasticity That Controls Plant CommunitiesNARA Subscribed
Prevailing views hold that species' physiological plasticity may confer resilience to warming, but its importance varies across climatic gradients (e.g., latitude). Yet, along such gradients local species populations may experience fine‐scale spatially heterogenous variation in extreme temperatures and other ecological stressors. We show that at four Cool (mean diel maximum 29.83°C) and four Warm (mean diel maximum 31.51°C) si...
Winter Diets of Pacific Salmon in the North PacificNARA Subscribed
The winter feeding ecology of Pacific salmon and Steelhead trout in the North Pacific Ocean was investigated, with a focus on species‐specific diets and interannual and spatial variability in diet composition. We used results from the 2022 International Year of the Salmon Pan‐Pacific Expedition to examine diet composition across the North Pacific and compared our findings with earlier surveys conducted in 2009–2011 and 2019–20...
Ecosystem Effects of Predators Are Amplified Across Generations Through Prey Behavioural PlasticityNARA Subscribed
Predator‐induced changes in prey traits can cascade through ecosystems to impact biogeochemical cycling and community structure. Whether these effects persist, amplify or diminish across prey generations remains uncertain. We tested for predator transgenerational effects using a 3‐year common garden experiment in a terrestrial old‐field ecosystem. Predator exposure was manipulated across two generations of four grasshopper her...
The eastern North Pacific Ocean coastline (from the Salish Sea to the western Aleutian Islands) is highly glaciated with relic sediment deposits scattered throughout a highly contoured and variable bathymetry. Oceanographic conditions feature strong currents and tidal exchange. Sand wave fields are prominent features within these glaciated shorelines and provide critical habitat to sand lance (Ammodytes spp.). Despite an aware...