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A garden of forking paths: an ecosystem-based fisheries management case study of Florida red tidesNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem-based fisheries management is a crucial advancement to address natural and anthropogenic stressors on marine ecosystems. Although there has been a shift toward more holistic management approaches over the past few decades, Fishery Management Councils still face challenges in implementing ecosystem-based strategies. Here, we present a case study on incorporating harmful algal blooms, known as red tides, into U.S. fede...
Biological diversity across hierarchical levels (e.g. genes and populations to communities and ecosystems) is the result of dynamic interactions between ecological, developmental and evolutionary processes. Detailed long-term studies of ecosystems in the wild are important for a holistic understanding of how biological diversity and ecosystem function are affected by natural and anthropogenic changes, Lake Mývatn, Northeast Ic...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human‐Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza VirusesNARA Subscribed
Animal movements contribute to the spread of infectious diseases and are driven in part by environmental conditions. We investigated the links among the environment, animal movement, and infectious disease dynamics in waterfowl, which are among the primary wildlife hosts of avian influenza viruses. By combining telemetry data on 4606 individuals from 26 waterfowl species with data on land cover, weather, and vegetation, we fou...
Differential effects of Daphnia genotype composition on spatial environmental heterogeneity in experimental metacommunitiesNARA Subscribed
Spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of aquatic biodiversity. Ecological and evolutionary theory often consider spatial heterogeneity as being driven by exogenous factors, yet heterogeneity can also be generated and modified by organisms. Here we used a mesocosm experiment to investigate if consumers influence the build‐up of spatial heterogeneity. We expected that consumer effects on heterogeneity would...
Instrumented head acceleration measurement devices are commonly used in research studies to determine head acceleration exposure in certain populations. Instrumented mouthguards pair directly to the user’s teeth and offer six-degree-of-freedom measurements. Though many studies have recently used these devices, post-processing techniques vary by study. Other studies have attempted to label impact quality or coupling status, als...
Detecting and Salvaging Head Impacts with Decoupling Artifacts from Instrumented MouthguardsNARA Subscribed
In response to growing evidence that repetitive head impact exposure and concussions can lead to long-term health consequences, many research studies are attempting to quantify the frequency and severity of head impacts incurred in various sports and occupations. The most popular apparatus for doing so is the instrumented mouthguard (iMG). While these devices hold greater promise of head kinematic accuracy than their helmet-mo...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Synchrony and Tail‐Dependent Synchrony Have Different Effects on Stability of Terrestrial and Freshwater CommunitiesNARA Subscribed
Aim Global change can impact the stability of biological communities by affecting species richness and synchrony. While most studies focus on terrestrial ecosystems, our research includes both terrestrial and aquatic realms. Previous works measure overall community synchrony as co‐variation among co‐occurring species, ignoring the tail dependence—when species fluctuate together at extreme abundance levels. We used community ti...
Resistance exercise training in older men reduces ATF4-activated and senescence-associated mRNAs in skeletal muscleNARA Subscribed
Sarcopenia increases the risk of frailty, morbidity, and mortality in older adults. Resistance exercise training improves muscle size and function; however, the response to exercise training is variable in older adults. The objective of our study was to determine both the age-independent and age-dependent changes to the transcriptome following progressive resistance exercise training. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained bef...
Impact of Glaciers on Trophic Dynamics and Polyunsaturated Fat Accumulation in Southern Greenland Fjord EcosystemsNARA Subscribed
The primary production of fjords across the Arctic and Subarctic is undergoing significant transformations due to the climatically driven retreat of glaciers and ice sheets. However, the implications of these changes for upper trophic levels remain largely unknown. In this study, we employ both bulk and compound‐specific stable isotope analyses to investigate how shifts at the base of fjord food webs impact the carbon and ener...
Glacial Meltwater Increases the Dependence on Marine Subsidies of Fish in Freshwater EcosystemsNARA Subscribed
In a warming world, the input of glacier meltwater to inland water ecosystems is predicted to change, potentially affecting their productivity. Meta-ecosystem theory, which posits that the nutrient availability in the recipient ecosystem can determine the extent of cross-ecosystem boundary utilization, can be useful for studying landscape-scale influences of glacier meltwater on inland waters. Here, we investigate how the inpu...
Temporal turnover in species' ranks can explain variation in Taylor's slope for ecological timeseriesNARA Subscribed
The scaling exponent relating the mean and variance of the density of individual organisms in space (i.e., Taylor's slope: z space ) is well studied in ecology, but the analogous scaling exponent for temporal datasets ( z time ) is underdeveloped. Previous theory suggests the narrow distribution of z time (e.g., typically 1–2) could be due to interspecific competition. Here, using 1694 communities time series, we show that z t...