Experimental determinations of trace element distribution between rocks/minerals and fluids at mantle pressures and temperatures have concentrated on eclogite and on fluids containing H 2 O with or without the addition of NaCl. Here we present data for websterite (pyroxenite) coexisting with five different fluids: H 2 O, H 2 O+CO 2 , H 2 O+NaCl, H 2 O+CO 2 +NaCl and H 2 O+NH 3 . All experiments were conducted at 1.5 GPa and 80...

Coral skeletons form the foundational framework of coral reef ecosystems but are threatened by climate change stress. Under sub-optimal conditions, skeletal calcification rates decrease, and corals have been observed to form more porous skeletal structures, raising concerns of sublethal effects under future ocean conditions. Understanding how the structure of coral skeletons will be impacted by multiple, co-occurring climate c...

The landscape theory of food web architecture (LTFWA) describes relationships among body size, trophic position, mobility, and energy channels that serve to couple heterogenous habitats, which in turn promotes long‐term system stability. However, empirical tests of the LTFWA are rare and support differs among terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems. Further, it is unclear whether the theory applies in highly altered ecosys...

Recognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a “Green List of Species” (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species’ progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement aga...

Somatic growth is an integrated, individual‐based response to environmental conditions, especially in ectotherms. Growth dynamics of large, mobile animals are particularly useful as bio‐indicators of environmental change at regional scales. We assembled growth rate data from throughout the West Atlantic for green turtles, Chelonia mydas , which are long‐lived, highly migratory, primarily herbivorous mega‐consumers that may mig...

Dam removal in the United States is increasing as a result of structural concerns, sedimentation of reservoirs, and declining riverine ecosystem conditions. The removal of the 32 m Elwha and 64 m Glines Canyon dams from the Elwha River in Washington, U.S.A., was the largest dam removal project in North American history. During the 3 yr of dam removal—from September 2011 to August 2014—more than ten million cubic meters of sedi...