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Semi‐Natural Habitats Buffer the Effects of Crop Diversification on Arthropod Pest Control Services in Agricultural LandscapesNARA Subscribed
Crop diversification is a promising strategy to strengthen pest control services in agricultural landscapes. Diversifying crops may limit pests through host crop dilution or by enhancing top‐down control by their enemies. However, crop diversification may also benefit generalist pests through higher resource continuity. Using a large‐scale dataset encompassing 742 landscapes across 13 countries, we assessed the impact of lands...
The Effects of Land‐Use Dynamics on Avian Phylogenetic Diversity Across Island EcosystemsNARA Subscribed
Aim To test whether forest extent and recent forest‐cover change are associated with avian phylogenetic diversity and community‐level evolutionary value across islands. Location Seven islands spanning Borneo and Wallacea in the Malay Archipelago. Taxon Terrestrial birds. Methods We sampled 1410 sites (2010–2022). We calculated phylogenetic diversity (PD), mean phylogenetic distance (MPD), mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and...
Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hematologic malignancy patients and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Mold cholecystitis has rarely been described. We present a case of disseminated Lomentospora prolificans , that had recrudescence of symptoms with acute cholecystitis. Treatment included a temporary cholecystostomy and administration of the novel antifungal f...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human‐Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza VirusesNARA Subscribed
Animal movements contribute to the spread of infectious diseases and are driven in part by environmental conditions. We investigated the links among the environment, animal movement, and infectious disease dynamics in waterfowl, which are among the primary wildlife hosts of avian influenza viruses. By combining telemetry data on 4606 individuals from 26 waterfowl species with data on land cover, weather, and vegetation, we fou...
A defense of the circular economyNARA Subscribed
The notion of circular economy (CE) has been trending among policymakers, businesses, and academia for over a decade. Sometimes poorly understood and often misrepresented as a one‐size‐fits‐all solution to environmental problems without economic trade‐offs, the concept has recently drawn considerable criticism. According to its critics, the CE (1) rebrands existing concepts without clarity, (2) makes unrealistic environmental...
Quantifying intra-urban socio-economic and environmental vulnerability to extreme heat events in Johannesburg, South AfricaNARA Subscribed
Urban populations face increasing vulnerability to extreme heat events, particularly in rapidly urbanising Global South cities where environmental exposure intersects with socioeconomic inequality and limited healthcare access. This study quantifies heat vulnerability across Johannesburg, South Africa, by integrating high-resolution environmental data with socio-economic and health metrics across 135 urban wards. We examine ho...
Constructed water quality wetlands, designed to accept tile drainage and surface runoff, are a promising solution for reducing surface water nutrient loading from agricultural systems. In addition to their water quality benefits, these systems may also offset losses of migratory waterbird stopover sites resulting from historical and future agricultural drainage modernization. To assess this possibility, we developed spatially...
Mapping illegal trade routes of live cheetahs from the Horn of Africa to the Arabian PeninsulaNARA Subscribed
Less than 7000 cheetahs ( Acinonyx jubatus ) persist in Africa. Although human–wildlife conflict, habitat degradation, and loss of prey are major threats to cheetah populations, illegal trade in live cubs for pets may have the most significant impact on populations in the Horn of Africa. We developed a novel, stepwise decision support tool to predict probable trafficking routes by leveraging the power of distinct modeling appr...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Narrow Margins: Aerobic Performance and Temperature Tolerance of Coral Reef Fishes Facing Extreme Thermal VariabilityNARA Subscribed
Climate change is driving rising average sea temperatures and the intensification of thermal variability. Tropical coral reef fishes have evolved under thermally stable conditions to function optimally within a narrow temperature range, with many currently living close to their upper thermal limits. However, recent work has demonstrated that some species possess additional capacity, such as reductions in basal metabolic rates...
Distinct Longitudinal Changes in EEG Measures Reflecting Functional Network Disruption in ALS Cognitive PhenotypesNARA Subscribed
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterised primarily by motor system degeneration, with clinical evidence of cognitive and behavioural change in up to 50% of cases. We have shown previously that resting-state EEG captures dysfunction in motor and cognitive networks in ALS. However, the longitudinal development of these dysfunctional patterns, especially in networks linked with cognitive-behavioural functions, remains...
Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group‐level processes such as subgroup formation and fission–fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing coh...