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Parasites play a critical yet understudied role in Arctic ecosystems, particularly within key subsistence species such as Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ). As the Arctic undergoes rapid climate-driven change, establishing baseline parasite biodiversity is essential for monitoring ecological shifts and anticipating emerging health and conservation concerns. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of Arct...
Dental caries (DC) is the most prevalent chronic disease. Previous studies have revealed negative associations between DC prevalence and both drinking water fluoride concentration (F) and socioeconomic status but further predictors, notably drinking water calcium, have been little explored, particularly in the UK. Therefore, this study employed multiple linear regression (MLR) to model the dependency of children’s DC on all th...
Population Genomics of a Cosmopolitan Weed Provides Insights Into Its Local Adaptation and Recent Demographic HistoryNARA Subscribed
Invasive plant species present a growing ecological and economic challenge, and often adapt rapidly to their novel environments through complex demographic and evolutionary processes. Invasion genomics offers powerful tools to disentangle these processes, but most studies rely on geographically narrow sampling across native and non‐native ranges. Erigeron canadensis is a cosmopolitan weed native to North America that has succe...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
New Guinea, the most botanically diverse island on the planet, is the location for one of the boldest conservation initiatives. The Manokwari Declaration aims to achieve 70% conservation designation for the Bird's Head Peninsula. This is 40% higher than the 2022 Global Biodiversity Framework target. However, there is a lack of species occurrence data to support evidence of where biodiversity can be best protected. To address t...
Long‐Term Habitat Use Patterns of Ray Assemblages in Coastal and Inshore Waters of the Eastern Gulf of MexicoNARA Subscribed
Rays are common marine mesopredators that use coastal and estuarine habitats during multiple life history stages for critical functions. They are long‐lived, late to mature, and have low reproductive output, making them vulnerable to and slow to recover from population threats such as overfishing and habitat loss. Considering this, examining ray abundance, assemblage structure and distribution, as well as identifying ray habit...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Volatilized Metabolites Produced by Soilborne Aspergillus flavus Regulate Fungal Conidiation, and Production of Secondary MetabolitesNARA Subscribed
Corn plants are susceptible to infection by fungi such as Aspergillus flavus that have the potential to produce several types of mycotoxins, one of the most potent ones known to exist is aflatoxin. Since aflatoxin contaminated corn must be destroyed, causing annual monetary losses in billions of dollars, it would be helpful to detect the presence of aflatoxin producing fungi at pre-harvest and pre-planting stages. To this end,...
Road Salt Impacts on Soil Properties and Permanent Nitrogen Removal Capacity of Freshwater Urban WetlandsNARA Subscribed
Freshwater urban wetlands are important ecosystems that can naturally filter and remove excess nitrogen (N) through the process of denitrification (DNF). However, anthropogenic inputs such as road salt application may affect the N removal capacity of urban wetlands by affecting the relative rates of DNF and another competing reductive process that retains N – dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Here, we assesse...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
The sicker sex is plastic: Thermal plasticity determines sex biases in pathogen transmissionNARA Subscribed
Sex differences are predicted to play an important role in the spread and evolution of pathogens. However, attempts to generalize the “sicker” sex have been challenged by intraspecific variability of sex biases across the infection process. Sex‐specific plasticity provides a framework to resolve this by elucidating how infection is shaped at the sex‐pathogen‐environment interface. Using the Daphnia magna and Pasteuria ramosa s...
Many Arctic fishes experience prolonged periods of extreme cold and large thermal variation over both rapid and seasonal time scales which challenge critical physiological functions. In the central Canadian Arctic, we caught wild adult lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) acclimatized to winter and summer temperatures to determine the extent to which they seasonally adjust cardiac thermal performance and adrenergic control. We...
Identifying and characterizing spawning locations are paramount for the protection of critical fish habitats but can be challenging, particularly in remote locations. Using the underexplored oviduct‐tagging technique, we aimed to identify the timing and location of spawning for wild Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ) and lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) in two high‐Arctic lakes in Nunavut. Specifically, Innovasea V7 acousti...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...