Extreme rainfall events in hyper-arid regions are rare but can trigger disproportionally large hydrological and geomorphological responses. On 24–26 March 2015, an unprecedented precipitation event struck the Atacama Desert in northern Chile, producing destructive floods in normally dry basins, including the Salado River Basin. This study investigates the hydrological response of this hyper-arid catchment using the fully coupl...

Central Asia (CA) is among the world's most vulnerable regions to climate change. Increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations (GHGs) are the primary forcing of the current and future climate system for the time scale of a century. By analysing observation datasets, we show that a warming of 1.2°C led to a decrease of 20% in snow‐depth CA during the last 70 years, especially over the mountains. In recent decades, lon...

Dust weather has an impact on human health and climate change in the Middle East. In this study, we examined the influence of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) on spring dust weather frequency over the Middle East at an interannual timescale during 1974–2019. The results show that there was an interdecadal shift of the influence of AO on dust weather frequency in the Middle East, with a correlation coefficient between the AO index a...