Michael C. Singer results 26
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Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this...
Local groundwater decline exacerbates response of dryland riparian woodlands to climatic droughtNARA Subscribed
Dryland riparian woodlands are considered to be locally buffered from droughts by shallow and stable groundwater levels. However, climate change is causing more frequent and severe drought events, accompanied by warmer temperatures, collectively threatening the persistence of these groundwater dependent ecosystems through a combination of increasing evaporative demand and decreasing groundwater supply. We conducted a dendro‐is...
Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and...
As species' poleward range limits expand under climate change, generalists are expected to be better colonists than specialists, extending their ranges faster. This effect of specialization on range shifts has been shown, but so has the reverse cause–effect: in a global meta‐analysis of butterfly diets, it was range expansions themselves that caused increases in population‐level diet breadth. What could drive this unexpected p...
Host‐associated genomic differentiation in congeneric butterflies: now you see it, now you do notNARA Subscribed
Ecotypic variation among populations may become associated with widespread genomic differentiation, but theory predicts that this should happen only under particular conditions of gene flow, selection and population size. In closely related species, we might expect the strength of host‐associated genomic differentiation ( HAD ) to be correlated with the degree of phenotypic differentiation in host‐adaptive traits. Using micros...
There is increasing pressure from policymakers for ecologists to generate more detailed ‘attribution’ analyses aimed at quantitatively estimating relative contributions of different driving forces, including anthropogenic climate change ( ACC ), to observed biological changes. Here, we argue that this approach is not productive for ecological studies. Global meta‐analyses of diverse species, regions and ecosystems have already...
Geographic mosaics of species' association: a definition and an example driven by plant–insect phenological synchronyNARA Subscribed
Spatial mosaics occur in both evolutionary and ecological properties of species' interactions. Studies of these patterns have facilitated description and prediction of evolutionary responses of interacting species to each other and to changing environments. We propose seeking complementary understanding of community assembly and dynamics by studying ecological and mechanistic properties of mosaics. We define “species' associat...
When random sampling does not work: standard design falsely indicates maladaptive host preferences in a butterflyNARA Subscribed
In experiments that investigate species’ interactions, individuals are often chosen at random to represent their populations. However, this practice can generate misleading results when individuals of different species do not interact at random. We illustrate this effect by examining oviposition preferences of Euphydryas aurinia butterflies from three populations using three different plant genera. We first offered each insect...
Discrimination within and between host species by a butterfly: implications for design of preference experimentsNARA Subscribed
Experiments designed to reveal variation among individual parasites in preference for different host species may generate misleading results. Apparent variation in the order of preference among host species can be generated solely from variation in the strength of discriminations made within host species. We illustrate this with a study of oviposition preference in the butterfly Melitaea cinxia. All butterflies were tested on...
CorrectionNARA Subscribed